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Case Report: Lyme Borreliosis and Pregnancy - Our Experience

Lyme Borreliosis (LB) is an infection transmitted by Ixodes sp. ticks. Its early manifestation includes erythema migrans rash. Since the discovery of LB in 1975, the question arose as to whether this infection could be vertically transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, as transplacental t...

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Autores principales: Trevisan, Giusto, Ruscio, Maurizio, di Meo, Nicola, Nan, Katiuscia, Cinco, Marina, Trevisini, Sara, Forgione, Patrizia, Bonin, Serena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8996379/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35419384
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.816868
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author Trevisan, Giusto
Ruscio, Maurizio
di Meo, Nicola
Nan, Katiuscia
Cinco, Marina
Trevisini, Sara
Forgione, Patrizia
Bonin, Serena
author_facet Trevisan, Giusto
Ruscio, Maurizio
di Meo, Nicola
Nan, Katiuscia
Cinco, Marina
Trevisini, Sara
Forgione, Patrizia
Bonin, Serena
author_sort Trevisan, Giusto
collection PubMed
description Lyme Borreliosis (LB) is an infection transmitted by Ixodes sp. ticks. Its early manifestation includes erythema migrans rash. Since the discovery of LB in 1975, the question arose as to whether this infection could be vertically transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, as transplacental transmission has already been known for other spirochetoses, such as syphilis, relapsing fever and leptospirosis. The first confirmed case with positive Lyme serology was described in 1985 in a 28-year- old mother who had acquired Lyme in the first trimester and then developed an erythema migrans rash. Subsequently, transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sl. in humans from mother to fetus has been documented through identification of Borrelia spirochetes in fetal tissues/and or placenta by various methods including culture, PCR and indirect immunofluorescence. Adverse birth outcomes, which are limited in case of prompt LB treatment, included spontaneous miscarriage, preterm birth and hyperbilirubinemia, but also cardiac involvement and cutaneous angiomas have been documented although rarely. No significant associations were found between adverse outcomes at birth and the trimester of infection. Patients treated for gestational LB had a lower frequency of miscarriages and premature births, as also the frequency of congenital malformations was similar to that observed in the normal population. The recommended treatment for LB in pregnancy is Amoxicillin, 1 g 3 times a day for 14–21 days. In the present study, we report our case series, which includes 11 pregnant women, 6 of which developed erythema migrans during pregnancy (between week 8 and 34), 3 had myoarticular or neurological symptoms and 2 had positive serology, but did not develop any clinical symptoms. Our data stress on the importance of early antibiotic treatment also in seropositive gestating women without symptoms in order to avoid any possible complication to fetus and newborns.
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spelling pubmed-89963792022-04-12 Case Report: Lyme Borreliosis and Pregnancy - Our Experience Trevisan, Giusto Ruscio, Maurizio di Meo, Nicola Nan, Katiuscia Cinco, Marina Trevisini, Sara Forgione, Patrizia Bonin, Serena Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Lyme Borreliosis (LB) is an infection transmitted by Ixodes sp. ticks. Its early manifestation includes erythema migrans rash. Since the discovery of LB in 1975, the question arose as to whether this infection could be vertically transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, as transplacental transmission has already been known for other spirochetoses, such as syphilis, relapsing fever and leptospirosis. The first confirmed case with positive Lyme serology was described in 1985 in a 28-year- old mother who had acquired Lyme in the first trimester and then developed an erythema migrans rash. Subsequently, transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sl. in humans from mother to fetus has been documented through identification of Borrelia spirochetes in fetal tissues/and or placenta by various methods including culture, PCR and indirect immunofluorescence. Adverse birth outcomes, which are limited in case of prompt LB treatment, included spontaneous miscarriage, preterm birth and hyperbilirubinemia, but also cardiac involvement and cutaneous angiomas have been documented although rarely. No significant associations were found between adverse outcomes at birth and the trimester of infection. Patients treated for gestational LB had a lower frequency of miscarriages and premature births, as also the frequency of congenital malformations was similar to that observed in the normal population. The recommended treatment for LB in pregnancy is Amoxicillin, 1 g 3 times a day for 14–21 days. In the present study, we report our case series, which includes 11 pregnant women, 6 of which developed erythema migrans during pregnancy (between week 8 and 34), 3 had myoarticular or neurological symptoms and 2 had positive serology, but did not develop any clinical symptoms. Our data stress on the importance of early antibiotic treatment also in seropositive gestating women without symptoms in order to avoid any possible complication to fetus and newborns. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8996379/ /pubmed/35419384 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.816868 Text en Copyright © 2022 Trevisan, Ruscio, di Meo, Nan, Cinco, Trevisini, Forgione and Bonin. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Trevisan, Giusto
Ruscio, Maurizio
di Meo, Nicola
Nan, Katiuscia
Cinco, Marina
Trevisini, Sara
Forgione, Patrizia
Bonin, Serena
Case Report: Lyme Borreliosis and Pregnancy - Our Experience
title Case Report: Lyme Borreliosis and Pregnancy - Our Experience
title_full Case Report: Lyme Borreliosis and Pregnancy - Our Experience
title_fullStr Case Report: Lyme Borreliosis and Pregnancy - Our Experience
title_full_unstemmed Case Report: Lyme Borreliosis and Pregnancy - Our Experience
title_short Case Report: Lyme Borreliosis and Pregnancy - Our Experience
title_sort case report: lyme borreliosis and pregnancy - our experience
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8996379/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35419384
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.816868
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