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Leaky Gum: The Revisited Origin of Systemic Diseases

The oral cavity is the gateway for microorganisms into your body where they disseminate not only to the directly connected respiratory and digestive tracts but also to the many remote organs. Oral microbiota, travelling to the end of the intestine and circulating in our bodies through blood vessels,...

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Autores principales: Park, Do-Young, Park, Jin Young, Lee, Dahye, Hwang, Inseong, Kim, Hye-Sung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8997512/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35406643
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11071079
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author Park, Do-Young
Park, Jin Young
Lee, Dahye
Hwang, Inseong
Kim, Hye-Sung
author_facet Park, Do-Young
Park, Jin Young
Lee, Dahye
Hwang, Inseong
Kim, Hye-Sung
author_sort Park, Do-Young
collection PubMed
description The oral cavity is the gateway for microorganisms into your body where they disseminate not only to the directly connected respiratory and digestive tracts but also to the many remote organs. Oral microbiota, travelling to the end of the intestine and circulating in our bodies through blood vessels, not only affect a gut microbiome profile but also lead to many systemic diseases. By gathering information accumulated from the era of focal infection theory to the age of revolution in microbiome research, we propose a pivotal role of “leaky gum”, as an analogy of “leaky gut”, to underscore the importance of the oral cavity in systemic health. The oral cavity has unique structures, the gingival sulcus (GS) and the junctional epithelium (JE) below the GS, which are rarely found anywhere else in our body. The JE is attached to the tooth enamel and cementum by hemidesmosome (HD), which is structurally weaker than desmosome and is, thus, vulnerable to microbial infiltration. In the GS, microbial biofilms can build up for life, unlike the biofilms on the skin and intestinal mucosa that fall off by the natural process. Thus, we emphasize that the GS and the JE are the weakest leaky point for microbes to invade the human body, making the leaky gum just as important as, or even more important than, the leaky gut.
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spelling pubmed-89975122022-04-12 Leaky Gum: The Revisited Origin of Systemic Diseases Park, Do-Young Park, Jin Young Lee, Dahye Hwang, Inseong Kim, Hye-Sung Cells Review The oral cavity is the gateway for microorganisms into your body where they disseminate not only to the directly connected respiratory and digestive tracts but also to the many remote organs. Oral microbiota, travelling to the end of the intestine and circulating in our bodies through blood vessels, not only affect a gut microbiome profile but also lead to many systemic diseases. By gathering information accumulated from the era of focal infection theory to the age of revolution in microbiome research, we propose a pivotal role of “leaky gum”, as an analogy of “leaky gut”, to underscore the importance of the oral cavity in systemic health. The oral cavity has unique structures, the gingival sulcus (GS) and the junctional epithelium (JE) below the GS, which are rarely found anywhere else in our body. The JE is attached to the tooth enamel and cementum by hemidesmosome (HD), which is structurally weaker than desmosome and is, thus, vulnerable to microbial infiltration. In the GS, microbial biofilms can build up for life, unlike the biofilms on the skin and intestinal mucosa that fall off by the natural process. Thus, we emphasize that the GS and the JE are the weakest leaky point for microbes to invade the human body, making the leaky gum just as important as, or even more important than, the leaky gut. MDPI 2022-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8997512/ /pubmed/35406643 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11071079 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Park, Do-Young
Park, Jin Young
Lee, Dahye
Hwang, Inseong
Kim, Hye-Sung
Leaky Gum: The Revisited Origin of Systemic Diseases
title Leaky Gum: The Revisited Origin of Systemic Diseases
title_full Leaky Gum: The Revisited Origin of Systemic Diseases
title_fullStr Leaky Gum: The Revisited Origin of Systemic Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Leaky Gum: The Revisited Origin of Systemic Diseases
title_short Leaky Gum: The Revisited Origin of Systemic Diseases
title_sort leaky gum: the revisited origin of systemic diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8997512/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35406643
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11071079
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