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Increased Secondary Attack Rate among Unvaccinated Household Contacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Delta Variant in Japan

This study aimed to elucidate the household secondary attack rate (HSAR) of the Delta variant in comparison to the Alpha variant, and evaluate the risk factors among unvaccinated household contacts of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We studied household contacts of index cases of...

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Autores principales: Ogata, Tsuyoshi, Tanaka, Hideo, Nozawa, Yumiko, Mukouyama, Kazue, Tanaka, Emiko, Osaki, Natsumi, Noguchi, Etsuko, Seo, Kayoko, Wada, Koji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8997792/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35409572
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19073889
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author Ogata, Tsuyoshi
Tanaka, Hideo
Nozawa, Yumiko
Mukouyama, Kazue
Tanaka, Emiko
Osaki, Natsumi
Noguchi, Etsuko
Seo, Kayoko
Wada, Koji
author_facet Ogata, Tsuyoshi
Tanaka, Hideo
Nozawa, Yumiko
Mukouyama, Kazue
Tanaka, Emiko
Osaki, Natsumi
Noguchi, Etsuko
Seo, Kayoko
Wada, Koji
author_sort Ogata, Tsuyoshi
collection PubMed
description This study aimed to elucidate the household secondary attack rate (HSAR) of the Delta variant in comparison to the Alpha variant, and evaluate the risk factors among unvaccinated household contacts of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We studied household contacts of index cases of COVID-19 infected with Delta (L452R mutation), Alpha (N501Y mutation), and wild strain from December 2020 through November 2021 in Itako, Japan. The HSARs of the entire household contact, and the contact of index case with Delta variant were calculated and compared across the risk factors. We used a generalized estimating equation regression model for the multivariate analysis. We enrolled 1257 unvaccinated contacts from 580 households. The HSAR was higher in household contacts of index patients with Delta (48.5%) than with Alpha variant (21.7%) (aOR = 3.34, p = 0.000). In Delta variants, the HSAR was higher in household contacts with spousal relationships to index patients (63.4%) than contacts with other relationships (45.5%) (aOR 1.94, p = 0.026), and was lower in household contacts of index patients aged ≤19 (33.1%) than for contacts of index cases aged 20–59 years (52.6%) (aOR = 0.50, p = 0.027). The result of our study can be used to devise informed strategy to prevent transmission within households.
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spelling pubmed-89977922022-04-12 Increased Secondary Attack Rate among Unvaccinated Household Contacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Delta Variant in Japan Ogata, Tsuyoshi Tanaka, Hideo Nozawa, Yumiko Mukouyama, Kazue Tanaka, Emiko Osaki, Natsumi Noguchi, Etsuko Seo, Kayoko Wada, Koji Int J Environ Res Public Health Article This study aimed to elucidate the household secondary attack rate (HSAR) of the Delta variant in comparison to the Alpha variant, and evaluate the risk factors among unvaccinated household contacts of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We studied household contacts of index cases of COVID-19 infected with Delta (L452R mutation), Alpha (N501Y mutation), and wild strain from December 2020 through November 2021 in Itako, Japan. The HSARs of the entire household contact, and the contact of index case with Delta variant were calculated and compared across the risk factors. We used a generalized estimating equation regression model for the multivariate analysis. We enrolled 1257 unvaccinated contacts from 580 households. The HSAR was higher in household contacts of index patients with Delta (48.5%) than with Alpha variant (21.7%) (aOR = 3.34, p = 0.000). In Delta variants, the HSAR was higher in household contacts with spousal relationships to index patients (63.4%) than contacts with other relationships (45.5%) (aOR 1.94, p = 0.026), and was lower in household contacts of index patients aged ≤19 (33.1%) than for contacts of index cases aged 20–59 years (52.6%) (aOR = 0.50, p = 0.027). The result of our study can be used to devise informed strategy to prevent transmission within households. MDPI 2022-03-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8997792/ /pubmed/35409572 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19073889 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ogata, Tsuyoshi
Tanaka, Hideo
Nozawa, Yumiko
Mukouyama, Kazue
Tanaka, Emiko
Osaki, Natsumi
Noguchi, Etsuko
Seo, Kayoko
Wada, Koji
Increased Secondary Attack Rate among Unvaccinated Household Contacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Delta Variant in Japan
title Increased Secondary Attack Rate among Unvaccinated Household Contacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Delta Variant in Japan
title_full Increased Secondary Attack Rate among Unvaccinated Household Contacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Delta Variant in Japan
title_fullStr Increased Secondary Attack Rate among Unvaccinated Household Contacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Delta Variant in Japan
title_full_unstemmed Increased Secondary Attack Rate among Unvaccinated Household Contacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Delta Variant in Japan
title_short Increased Secondary Attack Rate among Unvaccinated Household Contacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Delta Variant in Japan
title_sort increased secondary attack rate among unvaccinated household contacts of coronavirus disease 2019 patients with delta variant in japan
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8997792/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35409572
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19073889
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