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How Far Are We from the Planetary Health Diet? A Threshold Regression Analysis of Global Diets

Global diets and food system not only influence human health conditions but also have a great effect on environmental sustainability. The Planetary Health Diet (PHD) proposed by the Lancet Commission is considered as a sustainable diet that meets human’s nutritional demands yet poses less pressure o...

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Autores principales: Chen, Yifan, Chai, Li
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8998069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35407073
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11070986
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author Chen, Yifan
Chai, Li
author_facet Chen, Yifan
Chai, Li
author_sort Chen, Yifan
collection PubMed
description Global diets and food system not only influence human health conditions but also have a great effect on environmental sustainability. The Planetary Health Diet (PHD) proposed by the Lancet Commission is considered as a sustainable diet that meets human’s nutritional demands yet poses less pressure on the environment. In this study, we examine how the economic condition, i.e., Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP per capita), affects the deviations of current diets from the PHD at the country level by using a threshold regression model. The results show three dimensions regarding food consumption patterns in all 11 kinds of foods across the globe, as evidenced from the data in 147 countries as of 2018. First, the findings indicate that there exist deviations from the PHD for all kinds of foods, which could guide policymakers to make dietary improvements. Second, we find that GDP per capita impacts food consumption patterns with all kinds of foods. The results demonstrate that the changing rates of food consumption amounts decrease as the GDP per capita increases. Finally, we calculate the GDP per capita thresholds for all kinds of foods, and we find the number of thresholds ranging from zero to two. Specifically, 20,000 PPP (current international $), the GDP per capita boundary distinguishing developing and developed countries, is the first GDP per capita threshold influencing the food consumption amount. What is more, the second GDP threshold is 40,000 PPP (current international $), which is the average GDP per capita of developed countries. Thus, we identify the countries that require more financial assistance from a GDP per capita perspective.
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spelling pubmed-89980692022-04-12 How Far Are We from the Planetary Health Diet? A Threshold Regression Analysis of Global Diets Chen, Yifan Chai, Li Foods Article Global diets and food system not only influence human health conditions but also have a great effect on environmental sustainability. The Planetary Health Diet (PHD) proposed by the Lancet Commission is considered as a sustainable diet that meets human’s nutritional demands yet poses less pressure on the environment. In this study, we examine how the economic condition, i.e., Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP per capita), affects the deviations of current diets from the PHD at the country level by using a threshold regression model. The results show three dimensions regarding food consumption patterns in all 11 kinds of foods across the globe, as evidenced from the data in 147 countries as of 2018. First, the findings indicate that there exist deviations from the PHD for all kinds of foods, which could guide policymakers to make dietary improvements. Second, we find that GDP per capita impacts food consumption patterns with all kinds of foods. The results demonstrate that the changing rates of food consumption amounts decrease as the GDP per capita increases. Finally, we calculate the GDP per capita thresholds for all kinds of foods, and we find the number of thresholds ranging from zero to two. Specifically, 20,000 PPP (current international $), the GDP per capita boundary distinguishing developing and developed countries, is the first GDP per capita threshold influencing the food consumption amount. What is more, the second GDP threshold is 40,000 PPP (current international $), which is the average GDP per capita of developed countries. Thus, we identify the countries that require more financial assistance from a GDP per capita perspective. MDPI 2022-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8998069/ /pubmed/35407073 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11070986 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chen, Yifan
Chai, Li
How Far Are We from the Planetary Health Diet? A Threshold Regression Analysis of Global Diets
title How Far Are We from the Planetary Health Diet? A Threshold Regression Analysis of Global Diets
title_full How Far Are We from the Planetary Health Diet? A Threshold Regression Analysis of Global Diets
title_fullStr How Far Are We from the Planetary Health Diet? A Threshold Regression Analysis of Global Diets
title_full_unstemmed How Far Are We from the Planetary Health Diet? A Threshold Regression Analysis of Global Diets
title_short How Far Are We from the Planetary Health Diet? A Threshold Regression Analysis of Global Diets
title_sort how far are we from the planetary health diet? a threshold regression analysis of global diets
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8998069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35407073
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11070986
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