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Relationship between Toothpaste Dilution Ratio and Droplets Generated during Tooth-Brushing

Guidelines for using toothpaste during tooth-brushing in public places during the coronavirus epidemic are lacking. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of using toothpaste in terms of droplet generation during brushing, the number of droplets generated, and their scatter range are unknown;...

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Autores principales: Satou, Ryouichi, Yamagishi, Atsushi, Takayanagi, Atsushi, Higuchi, Takuro, Oyama, Tsutomu, Suzuki, Seitaro, Sugihara, Naoki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8998844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35409838
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074157
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author Satou, Ryouichi
Yamagishi, Atsushi
Takayanagi, Atsushi
Higuchi, Takuro
Oyama, Tsutomu
Suzuki, Seitaro
Sugihara, Naoki
author_facet Satou, Ryouichi
Yamagishi, Atsushi
Takayanagi, Atsushi
Higuchi, Takuro
Oyama, Tsutomu
Suzuki, Seitaro
Sugihara, Naoki
author_sort Satou, Ryouichi
collection PubMed
description Guidelines for using toothpaste during tooth-brushing in public places during the coronavirus epidemic are lacking. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of using toothpaste in terms of droplet generation during brushing, the number of droplets generated, and their scatter range are unknown; therefore, we investigated the relationships between diluted toothpaste viscosity, the number of droplets generated, and the droplets’ flight distance. We developed a system to quantitate droplet generation during tooth-brushing. Brushing with water generated 5965 ± 266 droplets; 10.0× diluted toothpaste generated 538 ± 56, 4.00× diluted toothpaste generated 349 ± 15, and 2.00× diluted toothpaste generated 69 ± 27 droplets. Undiluted toothpaste generated no droplets. Droplet number tended to increase with increased toothpaste dilution ratio and decreased viscosity (r = −0.993). The maximum flight distances were 429 ± 11, 445 ± 65, 316 ± 38, and 231 ± 21 mm for water, 10.0×, 4.00×, and 2.00× diluted toothpaste, respectively. The maximum flight distance and toothpaste viscosity correlated negatively (r = −0.999). Thus, the less diluted the toothpaste, the fewer the droplets generated during brushing, and the shorter their flight distance. The use of an appropriate amount of toothpaste is recommended to prevent droplet infection during tooth-brushing.
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spelling pubmed-89988442022-04-12 Relationship between Toothpaste Dilution Ratio and Droplets Generated during Tooth-Brushing Satou, Ryouichi Yamagishi, Atsushi Takayanagi, Atsushi Higuchi, Takuro Oyama, Tsutomu Suzuki, Seitaro Sugihara, Naoki Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Guidelines for using toothpaste during tooth-brushing in public places during the coronavirus epidemic are lacking. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of using toothpaste in terms of droplet generation during brushing, the number of droplets generated, and their scatter range are unknown; therefore, we investigated the relationships between diluted toothpaste viscosity, the number of droplets generated, and the droplets’ flight distance. We developed a system to quantitate droplet generation during tooth-brushing. Brushing with water generated 5965 ± 266 droplets; 10.0× diluted toothpaste generated 538 ± 56, 4.00× diluted toothpaste generated 349 ± 15, and 2.00× diluted toothpaste generated 69 ± 27 droplets. Undiluted toothpaste generated no droplets. Droplet number tended to increase with increased toothpaste dilution ratio and decreased viscosity (r = −0.993). The maximum flight distances were 429 ± 11, 445 ± 65, 316 ± 38, and 231 ± 21 mm for water, 10.0×, 4.00×, and 2.00× diluted toothpaste, respectively. The maximum flight distance and toothpaste viscosity correlated negatively (r = −0.999). Thus, the less diluted the toothpaste, the fewer the droplets generated during brushing, and the shorter their flight distance. The use of an appropriate amount of toothpaste is recommended to prevent droplet infection during tooth-brushing. MDPI 2022-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8998844/ /pubmed/35409838 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074157 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Satou, Ryouichi
Yamagishi, Atsushi
Takayanagi, Atsushi
Higuchi, Takuro
Oyama, Tsutomu
Suzuki, Seitaro
Sugihara, Naoki
Relationship between Toothpaste Dilution Ratio and Droplets Generated during Tooth-Brushing
title Relationship between Toothpaste Dilution Ratio and Droplets Generated during Tooth-Brushing
title_full Relationship between Toothpaste Dilution Ratio and Droplets Generated during Tooth-Brushing
title_fullStr Relationship between Toothpaste Dilution Ratio and Droplets Generated during Tooth-Brushing
title_full_unstemmed Relationship between Toothpaste Dilution Ratio and Droplets Generated during Tooth-Brushing
title_short Relationship between Toothpaste Dilution Ratio and Droplets Generated during Tooth-Brushing
title_sort relationship between toothpaste dilution ratio and droplets generated during tooth-brushing
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8998844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35409838
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074157
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