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Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware
The term “metal marking” is widely used to define the common phenomenon of tableware glazes being damaged by metallic cutlery. Appearing as unaesthetic gray marks and scratches resulting from normal conditions of use, these defects deeply affect the performance of ceramic products, especially in int...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8999791/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35407775 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072442 |
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author | Hennetier, Luc Moura, Ana Ribeiro, Manuel |
author_facet | Hennetier, Luc Moura, Ana Ribeiro, Manuel |
author_sort | Hennetier, Luc |
collection | PubMed |
description | The term “metal marking” is widely used to define the common phenomenon of tableware glazes being damaged by metallic cutlery. Appearing as unaesthetic gray marks and scratches resulting from normal conditions of use, these defects deeply affect the performance of ceramic products, especially in intensive environments, such as in the hospitality industry. The scope of this article is to establish a comprehensive review of the phenomenon, focusing on the physical and chemical mechanisms involved in the process, and their interactions and consequences. It also intends to list the different methods normally followed to avoid or at least reduce this defect, in order to enhance the durability of porcelain dishware. This manuscript also provides a review of the different testing methods developed and used by the tableware industry and technical centers to quantify the ability of porcelain tableware to produce metal marks. To face the current lack of any international or at least national standard testing procedure that would permit a reliable comparison of products, a new metal marking test developed at the Technological Center for Ceramic and Glass (CTCV) is presented as an alternative to common tests normally based on knives as a marking tool. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8999791 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89997912022-04-12 Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware Hennetier, Luc Moura, Ana Ribeiro, Manuel Materials (Basel) Review The term “metal marking” is widely used to define the common phenomenon of tableware glazes being damaged by metallic cutlery. Appearing as unaesthetic gray marks and scratches resulting from normal conditions of use, these defects deeply affect the performance of ceramic products, especially in intensive environments, such as in the hospitality industry. The scope of this article is to establish a comprehensive review of the phenomenon, focusing on the physical and chemical mechanisms involved in the process, and their interactions and consequences. It also intends to list the different methods normally followed to avoid or at least reduce this defect, in order to enhance the durability of porcelain dishware. This manuscript also provides a review of the different testing methods developed and used by the tableware industry and technical centers to quantify the ability of porcelain tableware to produce metal marks. To face the current lack of any international or at least national standard testing procedure that would permit a reliable comparison of products, a new metal marking test developed at the Technological Center for Ceramic and Glass (CTCV) is presented as an alternative to common tests normally based on knives as a marking tool. MDPI 2022-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8999791/ /pubmed/35407775 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072442 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Hennetier, Luc Moura, Ana Ribeiro, Manuel Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
title | Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
title_full | Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
title_fullStr | Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
title_full_unstemmed | Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
title_short | Metal Marking Behavior and Testing of Porcelain Tableware |
title_sort | metal marking behavior and testing of porcelain tableware |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8999791/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35407775 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072442 |
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