Evaluation of Proanthocyanidin-based dentifrices on dentin-wear after erosion and dental abrasion - In situ study

BACKGROUND: Proanthocyanidin has been considered as a preventive agent against erosion because of its properties, which involves remineralization, reduction of demineralization and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) inhibition. Thus, the aim of this in situ study was to evaluate the effect of proanthocyanidin-based dentifrices on wear resistance of dentin specimens subjected to erosion associated with abrasion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This crossover double-blinded study was performed in 5 phases of 5 days each, with 10 healthy volunteers who wore 5 palatal devices (1 for each phase) with 4 dentin specimens. The groups under study were: G1 – placebo dentifrice (negative control group); G2 – 0.012% chlorhexidine dentifrice (1st positive control group); G3 – NaF 1110 ppm fluoride dentifrice (2nd positive control group); G4 – 10% purified proanthocyanidin dentifrice (1st test group); G5 – fluoride + proanthocyanidin dentifrice (2nd test group). Erosion was performed by palatal device immersion in acid beverage (Coca-cola®), 3 times daily for 5 minutes during 5 days. Abrasion was applied after the first and third erosive cycles by using a eletric toothbrush during 15 seconds in each specimen with the application of the studied dentifrices slurry. The response variable was depth of dentin loss (µm) measured by profilometry. Data were analyzed by Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance followed by LSD Fisher’s test (p<0.05). RESULTS: Data (G1: 1.76 ± 0.55A; G2: 1.19 ± 0.42B; G3: 1.29 ± 0.34B; G4: 0.93 ± 0.38C; G5: 0.82 ± 0.34C) showed that G4 and G5 did not presented significant difference between them, but showed less dentine loss when compared to all other groups. G1 presented the highest dentin wear. CONCLUSIONS: Proanthocyanidin and the combination of proanthocyanidin and fluoride dentifrices revealed the best results, showing that these formulations could be a promising alternative for patients who suffer with dentin erosion. Key words:Dentin, erosion, cross-liking agent, metalloproteinases, toothpastes.