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Accuracy of rapid point-of-care serological tests for leprosy diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease, still endemic in many countries that may lead to neurological, ophthalmic, and motor sequelae if not treated early. Access to timely diagnosis and multidrug therapy (MDT) remains a crucial element in the World Health Organization’s strategy to eli...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9000963/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35416839 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220317 |
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author | Romero, Carmen Phang Castro, Rodolfo do Brasil, Pedro Emmanuel A Pereira, Daniella R Pinheiro, Roberta Olmo Toscano, Cristiana M de Oliveira, Maria Regina Fernandes |
author_facet | Romero, Carmen Phang Castro, Rodolfo do Brasil, Pedro Emmanuel A Pereira, Daniella R Pinheiro, Roberta Olmo Toscano, Cristiana M de Oliveira, Maria Regina Fernandes |
author_sort | Romero, Carmen Phang |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease, still endemic in many countries that may lead to neurological, ophthalmic, and motor sequelae if not treated early. Access to timely diagnosis and multidrug therapy (MDT) remains a crucial element in the World Health Organization’s strategy to eliminate the disease as a public health problem. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aims to evaluate the accuracy of rapid point-of-care (POC) tests for diagnosis of leprosy. METHODS: Searches were carried out in electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CRD, Cochrane Library and LILACS) in April 2021 for patients with suspicion or confirmatory diagnostic of leprosy, classified in multibacillary (MB) or paucibacillary (PB) cases, performing rapid POC serological tests compared to clinical evaluation, smear microscopy and immunohistochemistry analysis. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool (QUADAS-2). A meta-analysis was undertaken to generate pooled estimates of diagnostic parameters, presenting sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) values. The review protocol was registered at PROSPERO, CRD # 42014009658. FINDINGS: From 893 potentially relevant references, 12 articles were included reporting 16 diagnostic tests accuracy studies with 5395 individuals enrolled. Meta-analysis of NDO-LID and PGL-I tests data in MB patients showed sensitivity and specificity [95% confidence interval (CI)] of 0.83 (0.71-0.91), 0.91 (0.72-0.97); and 0.92 (0.86-0.96), 0.93 (0.78-0.98); respectively, with high heterogeneity among the studies. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Our results can inform policymakers regarding the possibility of implementing accurate, rapid POC tests for leprosy in public health services, especially within primary health care. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9000963 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90009632022-04-18 Accuracy of rapid point-of-care serological tests for leprosy diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Romero, Carmen Phang Castro, Rodolfo do Brasil, Pedro Emmanuel A Pereira, Daniella R Pinheiro, Roberta Olmo Toscano, Cristiana M de Oliveira, Maria Regina Fernandes Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz Research Article BACKGROUND: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease, still endemic in many countries that may lead to neurological, ophthalmic, and motor sequelae if not treated early. Access to timely diagnosis and multidrug therapy (MDT) remains a crucial element in the World Health Organization’s strategy to eliminate the disease as a public health problem. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aims to evaluate the accuracy of rapid point-of-care (POC) tests for diagnosis of leprosy. METHODS: Searches were carried out in electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CRD, Cochrane Library and LILACS) in April 2021 for patients with suspicion or confirmatory diagnostic of leprosy, classified in multibacillary (MB) or paucibacillary (PB) cases, performing rapid POC serological tests compared to clinical evaluation, smear microscopy and immunohistochemistry analysis. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool (QUADAS-2). A meta-analysis was undertaken to generate pooled estimates of diagnostic parameters, presenting sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) values. The review protocol was registered at PROSPERO, CRD # 42014009658. FINDINGS: From 893 potentially relevant references, 12 articles were included reporting 16 diagnostic tests accuracy studies with 5395 individuals enrolled. Meta-analysis of NDO-LID and PGL-I tests data in MB patients showed sensitivity and specificity [95% confidence interval (CI)] of 0.83 (0.71-0.91), 0.91 (0.72-0.97); and 0.92 (0.86-0.96), 0.93 (0.78-0.98); respectively, with high heterogeneity among the studies. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Our results can inform policymakers regarding the possibility of implementing accurate, rapid POC tests for leprosy in public health services, especially within primary health care. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde 2022-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9000963/ /pubmed/35416839 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220317 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License |
spellingShingle | Research Article Romero, Carmen Phang Castro, Rodolfo do Brasil, Pedro Emmanuel A Pereira, Daniella R Pinheiro, Roberta Olmo Toscano, Cristiana M de Oliveira, Maria Regina Fernandes Accuracy of rapid point-of-care serological tests for leprosy diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title | Accuracy of rapid point-of-care serological tests for leprosy diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full | Accuracy of rapid point-of-care serological tests for leprosy diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_fullStr | Accuracy of rapid point-of-care serological tests for leprosy diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Accuracy of rapid point-of-care serological tests for leprosy diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_short | Accuracy of rapid point-of-care serological tests for leprosy diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
title_sort | accuracy of rapid point-of-care serological tests for leprosy diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9000963/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35416839 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220317 |
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