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Genomic basis for an informed conservation management of Pelophylax water frogs in Luxembourg

Genetic identification methods have become increasingly important for species that are difficult to identify in the field. A case in point is Pelophylax water frogs. While their morphological determination is highly complex, they include species protected under EU law and some that are classified as...

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Autores principales: Weigand, Hannah, Cross Lopez de Llergo, Jennifer, Frantz, Alain C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9001158/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35432923
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8810
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author Weigand, Hannah
Cross Lopez de Llergo, Jennifer
Frantz, Alain C.
author_facet Weigand, Hannah
Cross Lopez de Llergo, Jennifer
Frantz, Alain C.
author_sort Weigand, Hannah
collection PubMed
description Genetic identification methods have become increasingly important for species that are difficult to identify in the field. A case in point is Pelophylax water frogs. While their morphological determination is highly complex, they include species protected under EU law and some that are classified as invasive. Additionally, genetic data can provide insights into their complex breeding systems, which may or may not involve the reproductive dependency of one species on another. Here, we generate baseline data for water frog monitoring in Luxembourg. We applied a countrywide sampling approach and used SNPs generated by ddRAD sequencing to identify individuals and infer the breeding systems present in the country. We found Pelophylax lessonae and P. kl. esculentus throughout Luxembourg, mostly living in syntopy. In general, a reproductive dependency of P. kl. esculentus on P. lessonae (L‐E system) was revealed. Besides this general system, we detected triploid P. kl. esculentus in six ponds. This indicates a modified L‐E system with reproductive dependency of the triploids on the diploid P. kl. esculentus. The invasive P. cf. bedriagae was detected in three ponds in southern Luxembourg, with evidence for hybridization with native water frogs. In addition to the ddRAD data, we tested a simple genetic method for future monitoring based on the MND1 marker. It showed in almost all cases, an identical species identification as the ddRAD data and was successfully applied to DNA extracts from mouth swabs. Combining this method with our baseline data will enable informed choices for the protection of native water frog species in Luxembourg.
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spelling pubmed-90011582022-04-15 Genomic basis for an informed conservation management of Pelophylax water frogs in Luxembourg Weigand, Hannah Cross Lopez de Llergo, Jennifer Frantz, Alain C. Ecol Evol Research Articles Genetic identification methods have become increasingly important for species that are difficult to identify in the field. A case in point is Pelophylax water frogs. While their morphological determination is highly complex, they include species protected under EU law and some that are classified as invasive. Additionally, genetic data can provide insights into their complex breeding systems, which may or may not involve the reproductive dependency of one species on another. Here, we generate baseline data for water frog monitoring in Luxembourg. We applied a countrywide sampling approach and used SNPs generated by ddRAD sequencing to identify individuals and infer the breeding systems present in the country. We found Pelophylax lessonae and P. kl. esculentus throughout Luxembourg, mostly living in syntopy. In general, a reproductive dependency of P. kl. esculentus on P. lessonae (L‐E system) was revealed. Besides this general system, we detected triploid P. kl. esculentus in six ponds. This indicates a modified L‐E system with reproductive dependency of the triploids on the diploid P. kl. esculentus. The invasive P. cf. bedriagae was detected in three ponds in southern Luxembourg, with evidence for hybridization with native water frogs. In addition to the ddRAD data, we tested a simple genetic method for future monitoring based on the MND1 marker. It showed in almost all cases, an identical species identification as the ddRAD data and was successfully applied to DNA extracts from mouth swabs. Combining this method with our baseline data will enable informed choices for the protection of native water frog species in Luxembourg. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9001158/ /pubmed/35432923 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8810 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Weigand, Hannah
Cross Lopez de Llergo, Jennifer
Frantz, Alain C.
Genomic basis for an informed conservation management of Pelophylax water frogs in Luxembourg
title Genomic basis for an informed conservation management of Pelophylax water frogs in Luxembourg
title_full Genomic basis for an informed conservation management of Pelophylax water frogs in Luxembourg
title_fullStr Genomic basis for an informed conservation management of Pelophylax water frogs in Luxembourg
title_full_unstemmed Genomic basis for an informed conservation management of Pelophylax water frogs in Luxembourg
title_short Genomic basis for an informed conservation management of Pelophylax water frogs in Luxembourg
title_sort genomic basis for an informed conservation management of pelophylax water frogs in luxembourg
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9001158/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35432923
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8810
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