Cargando…

Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Intervention Modifies Plasma and Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Profiles But Not the Clinical Course of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial

BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is under investigation and one of the main alterations relates to the metabolic and inflammatory system dysfunctions. Indeed, based on a possible deficit of omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) of patients with ASD and looking for an anti-inflammat...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: de la Torre-Aguilar, Maria Jose, Gomez-Fernandez, Antonio, Flores-Rojas, Katherine, Martin-Borreguero, Pilar, Mesa, María Dolores, Perez-Navero, Juan Luis, Olivares, Mónica, Gil, Angel, Gil-Campos, Mercedes
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9002234/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35425788
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.790250
_version_ 1784685849469779968
author de la Torre-Aguilar, Maria Jose
Gomez-Fernandez, Antonio
Flores-Rojas, Katherine
Martin-Borreguero, Pilar
Mesa, María Dolores
Perez-Navero, Juan Luis
Olivares, Mónica
Gil, Angel
Gil-Campos, Mercedes
author_facet de la Torre-Aguilar, Maria Jose
Gomez-Fernandez, Antonio
Flores-Rojas, Katherine
Martin-Borreguero, Pilar
Mesa, María Dolores
Perez-Navero, Juan Luis
Olivares, Mónica
Gil, Angel
Gil-Campos, Mercedes
author_sort de la Torre-Aguilar, Maria Jose
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is under investigation and one of the main alterations relates to the metabolic and inflammatory system dysfunctions. Indeed, based on a possible deficit of omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) of patients with ASD and looking for an anti-inflammatory effect, dietary supplements with omega-3 fatty acids have been proposed. We aimed to evaluate differences in plasma and erythrocyte FA profiles and plasma cytokines in patients with infantile ASD after supplementation with docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids or placebo and both compared at baseline with a reference healthy group. METHODS: A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled intervention with DHA/EPA for 6 months was carried out in 54 children between 2 and 6 years diagnosed with ASD. They were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: 19 children received 800 mg/day of DHA and 25 mg/day of EPA, or placebo. In addition, another reference group of 59 healthy children of the same age was included. Plasma lipids and cytokines, and FA profiles in plasma and erythrocytes were measured at baseline and after 6 months of treatment in ASD children, and at baseline in the reference group. RESULTS: There were no differences in demographic, anthropometric characteristics, and omega-3 intake between the healthy reference group and the ASD children at baseline. Children with ASD showed the higher plasma percentages of palmitic acid and total saturated FA and lower total omega-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) compared with healthy children. An increased level of DHA and reduced EPA level in erythrocytes were detected in the ASD group vs. the reference group. After 6 months of treatment, the ASD group that received DHA enriched product significantly increased the plasma and erythrocyte percentages of DHA, but no differences were observed in the clinical test scores and other parameters as plasma cytokines between the two groups of ASD related to the intervention. CONCLUSION: Spanish children with ASD exhibit an appropriate omega-3 FA status in plasma and erythrocytes. Neither a clinical improvement of ASD children nor a better anti-inflammatory or fatty acid state has been found after an intervention with DHA/EPA for 6 months. So, the prescription of n-3 LC-PUFA and other dietary supplements in ASD should be only indicated after a confirmed alteration of FA metabolism or omega-3 LC-PUFA deficiency evaluated by specific erythrocyte FA. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT03620097].
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9002234
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-90022342022-04-13 Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Intervention Modifies Plasma and Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Profiles But Not the Clinical Course of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial de la Torre-Aguilar, Maria Jose Gomez-Fernandez, Antonio Flores-Rojas, Katherine Martin-Borreguero, Pilar Mesa, María Dolores Perez-Navero, Juan Luis Olivares, Mónica Gil, Angel Gil-Campos, Mercedes Front Nutr Nutrition BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is under investigation and one of the main alterations relates to the metabolic and inflammatory system dysfunctions. Indeed, based on a possible deficit of omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) of patients with ASD and looking for an anti-inflammatory effect, dietary supplements with omega-3 fatty acids have been proposed. We aimed to evaluate differences in plasma and erythrocyte FA profiles and plasma cytokines in patients with infantile ASD after supplementation with docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids or placebo and both compared at baseline with a reference healthy group. METHODS: A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled intervention with DHA/EPA for 6 months was carried out in 54 children between 2 and 6 years diagnosed with ASD. They were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: 19 children received 800 mg/day of DHA and 25 mg/day of EPA, or placebo. In addition, another reference group of 59 healthy children of the same age was included. Plasma lipids and cytokines, and FA profiles in plasma and erythrocytes were measured at baseline and after 6 months of treatment in ASD children, and at baseline in the reference group. RESULTS: There were no differences in demographic, anthropometric characteristics, and omega-3 intake between the healthy reference group and the ASD children at baseline. Children with ASD showed the higher plasma percentages of palmitic acid and total saturated FA and lower total omega-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) compared with healthy children. An increased level of DHA and reduced EPA level in erythrocytes were detected in the ASD group vs. the reference group. After 6 months of treatment, the ASD group that received DHA enriched product significantly increased the plasma and erythrocyte percentages of DHA, but no differences were observed in the clinical test scores and other parameters as plasma cytokines between the two groups of ASD related to the intervention. CONCLUSION: Spanish children with ASD exhibit an appropriate omega-3 FA status in plasma and erythrocytes. Neither a clinical improvement of ASD children nor a better anti-inflammatory or fatty acid state has been found after an intervention with DHA/EPA for 6 months. So, the prescription of n-3 LC-PUFA and other dietary supplements in ASD should be only indicated after a confirmed alteration of FA metabolism or omega-3 LC-PUFA deficiency evaluated by specific erythrocyte FA. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT03620097]. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9002234/ /pubmed/35425788 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.790250 Text en Copyright © 2022 de la Torre-Aguilar, Gomez-Fernandez, Flores-Rojas, Martin-Borreguero, Mesa, Perez-Navero, Olivares, Gil and Gil-Campos. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
de la Torre-Aguilar, Maria Jose
Gomez-Fernandez, Antonio
Flores-Rojas, Katherine
Martin-Borreguero, Pilar
Mesa, María Dolores
Perez-Navero, Juan Luis
Olivares, Mónica
Gil, Angel
Gil-Campos, Mercedes
Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Intervention Modifies Plasma and Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Profiles But Not the Clinical Course of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial
title Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Intervention Modifies Plasma and Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Profiles But Not the Clinical Course of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial
title_full Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Intervention Modifies Plasma and Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Profiles But Not the Clinical Course of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial
title_fullStr Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Intervention Modifies Plasma and Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Profiles But Not the Clinical Course of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial
title_full_unstemmed Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Intervention Modifies Plasma and Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Profiles But Not the Clinical Course of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial
title_short Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Intervention Modifies Plasma and Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Profiles But Not the Clinical Course of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial
title_sort docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic intervention modifies plasma and erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acid profiles but not the clinical course of children with autism spectrum disorder: a randomized control trial
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9002234/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35425788
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.790250
work_keys_str_mv AT delatorreaguilarmariajose docosahexaenoicandeicosapentaenoicinterventionmodifiesplasmaanderythrocyteomega3fattyacidprofilesbutnottheclinicalcourseofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorderarandomizedcontroltrial
AT gomezfernandezantonio docosahexaenoicandeicosapentaenoicinterventionmodifiesplasmaanderythrocyteomega3fattyacidprofilesbutnottheclinicalcourseofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorderarandomizedcontroltrial
AT floresrojaskatherine docosahexaenoicandeicosapentaenoicinterventionmodifiesplasmaanderythrocyteomega3fattyacidprofilesbutnottheclinicalcourseofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorderarandomizedcontroltrial
AT martinborregueropilar docosahexaenoicandeicosapentaenoicinterventionmodifiesplasmaanderythrocyteomega3fattyacidprofilesbutnottheclinicalcourseofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorderarandomizedcontroltrial
AT mesamariadolores docosahexaenoicandeicosapentaenoicinterventionmodifiesplasmaanderythrocyteomega3fattyacidprofilesbutnottheclinicalcourseofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorderarandomizedcontroltrial
AT pereznaverojuanluis docosahexaenoicandeicosapentaenoicinterventionmodifiesplasmaanderythrocyteomega3fattyacidprofilesbutnottheclinicalcourseofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorderarandomizedcontroltrial
AT olivaresmonica docosahexaenoicandeicosapentaenoicinterventionmodifiesplasmaanderythrocyteomega3fattyacidprofilesbutnottheclinicalcourseofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorderarandomizedcontroltrial
AT gilangel docosahexaenoicandeicosapentaenoicinterventionmodifiesplasmaanderythrocyteomega3fattyacidprofilesbutnottheclinicalcourseofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorderarandomizedcontroltrial
AT gilcamposmercedes docosahexaenoicandeicosapentaenoicinterventionmodifiesplasmaanderythrocyteomega3fattyacidprofilesbutnottheclinicalcourseofchildrenwithautismspectrumdisorderarandomizedcontroltrial