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Hydrodistillation and Microwave Extraction of Volatile Compounds: Comparing Data for Twenty-One Veronica Species from Different Habitats
Free volatile compounds were isolated from 21 Croatian Veronica species studied by hydrodistillation (HD) and microwave extraction (ME) and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) distinguished some clusters based on the relative proportion o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9002677/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35406882 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11070902 |
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author | Dunkić, Valerija Nazlić, Marija Ruščić, Mirko Vuko, Elma Akrap, Karla Topić, Snježana Milović, Milenko Vuletić, Nenad Puizina, Jasna Jurišić Grubešić, Renata Srečec, Siniša Kremer, Dario |
author_facet | Dunkić, Valerija Nazlić, Marija Ruščić, Mirko Vuko, Elma Akrap, Karla Topić, Snježana Milović, Milenko Vuletić, Nenad Puizina, Jasna Jurišić Grubešić, Renata Srečec, Siniša Kremer, Dario |
author_sort | Dunkić, Valerija |
collection | PubMed |
description | Free volatile compounds were isolated from 21 Croatian Veronica species studied by hydrodistillation (HD) and microwave extraction (ME) and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) distinguished some clusters based on the relative proportion of major compounds, such as hexadecanoic acid, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, phytol, E-caryophyllene, and caryophyllene oxide, which were identified in all species studied by both isolation methods. In addition to these compounds, germacrene D, δ-selinene, and eicosane were also identified in five samples from dry habitats isolated using ME. Allo-aromadendrene and β-ionone are particularly abundant in five species from wet habitats isolated by both methods. The peculiarities of Veronica species from moderate habitats isolated with HD are benzene acetaldehyde, n-nonanal, and the identification of significant compounds from the hydrocarbon class, while the peculiarity of ME is (E)-β-damascenone. In this article, we present new results on the phytochemical characterization of Veronica species from different habitats. The biological potential of these compounds should be further investigated for a better understanding and utilization of the specialized plant metabolites. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9002677 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90026772022-04-13 Hydrodistillation and Microwave Extraction of Volatile Compounds: Comparing Data for Twenty-One Veronica Species from Different Habitats Dunkić, Valerija Nazlić, Marija Ruščić, Mirko Vuko, Elma Akrap, Karla Topić, Snježana Milović, Milenko Vuletić, Nenad Puizina, Jasna Jurišić Grubešić, Renata Srečec, Siniša Kremer, Dario Plants (Basel) Article Free volatile compounds were isolated from 21 Croatian Veronica species studied by hydrodistillation (HD) and microwave extraction (ME) and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) distinguished some clusters based on the relative proportion of major compounds, such as hexadecanoic acid, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, phytol, E-caryophyllene, and caryophyllene oxide, which were identified in all species studied by both isolation methods. In addition to these compounds, germacrene D, δ-selinene, and eicosane were also identified in five samples from dry habitats isolated using ME. Allo-aromadendrene and β-ionone are particularly abundant in five species from wet habitats isolated by both methods. The peculiarities of Veronica species from moderate habitats isolated with HD are benzene acetaldehyde, n-nonanal, and the identification of significant compounds from the hydrocarbon class, while the peculiarity of ME is (E)-β-damascenone. In this article, we present new results on the phytochemical characterization of Veronica species from different habitats. The biological potential of these compounds should be further investigated for a better understanding and utilization of the specialized plant metabolites. MDPI 2022-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9002677/ /pubmed/35406882 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11070902 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Dunkić, Valerija Nazlić, Marija Ruščić, Mirko Vuko, Elma Akrap, Karla Topić, Snježana Milović, Milenko Vuletić, Nenad Puizina, Jasna Jurišić Grubešić, Renata Srečec, Siniša Kremer, Dario Hydrodistillation and Microwave Extraction of Volatile Compounds: Comparing Data for Twenty-One Veronica Species from Different Habitats |
title | Hydrodistillation and Microwave Extraction of Volatile Compounds: Comparing Data for Twenty-One Veronica Species from Different Habitats |
title_full | Hydrodistillation and Microwave Extraction of Volatile Compounds: Comparing Data for Twenty-One Veronica Species from Different Habitats |
title_fullStr | Hydrodistillation and Microwave Extraction of Volatile Compounds: Comparing Data for Twenty-One Veronica Species from Different Habitats |
title_full_unstemmed | Hydrodistillation and Microwave Extraction of Volatile Compounds: Comparing Data for Twenty-One Veronica Species from Different Habitats |
title_short | Hydrodistillation and Microwave Extraction of Volatile Compounds: Comparing Data for Twenty-One Veronica Species from Different Habitats |
title_sort | hydrodistillation and microwave extraction of volatile compounds: comparing data for twenty-one veronica species from different habitats |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9002677/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35406882 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11070902 |
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