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Effects of Isocaloric Fructose Restriction on Ceramide Levels in Children with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Relation to Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity

Sugar intake, particularly fructose, is implicated as a factor contributing to insulin resistance via hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL). A nine-day fructose reduction trial, controlling for other dietary factors and weight, in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome, decreased DNL and mitigated...

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Autores principales: Olson, Emily, Suh, Jung H., Schwarz, Jean-Marc, Noworolski, Susan M., Jones, Grace M., Barber, John R., Erkin-Cakmak, Ayca, Mulligan, Kathleen, Lustig, Robert H., Mietus-Snyder, Michele
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9002884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35406045
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071432
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author Olson, Emily
Suh, Jung H.
Schwarz, Jean-Marc
Noworolski, Susan M.
Jones, Grace M.
Barber, John R.
Erkin-Cakmak, Ayca
Mulligan, Kathleen
Lustig, Robert H.
Mietus-Snyder, Michele
author_facet Olson, Emily
Suh, Jung H.
Schwarz, Jean-Marc
Noworolski, Susan M.
Jones, Grace M.
Barber, John R.
Erkin-Cakmak, Ayca
Mulligan, Kathleen
Lustig, Robert H.
Mietus-Snyder, Michele
author_sort Olson, Emily
collection PubMed
description Sugar intake, particularly fructose, is implicated as a factor contributing to insulin resistance via hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL). A nine-day fructose reduction trial, controlling for other dietary factors and weight, in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome, decreased DNL and mitigated cardiometabolic risk (CMR) biomarkers. Ceramides are bioactive sphingolipids whose dysregulated metabolism contribute to lipotoxicity, insulin resistance, and CMR. We evaluated the effect of fructose reduction on ceramides and correlations between changes observed and changes in traditional CMR biomarkers in this cohort. Analyses were completed on data from 43 participants. Mean weight decreased (−0.9 ± 1.1 kg). The majority of total and subspecies ceramide levels also decreased significantly, including dihydroceramides, deoxyceramides and ceramide-1-phoshates. Change in each primary ceramide species correlated negatively with composite insulin sensitivity index (CISI). Change in deoxyceramides positively correlated with change in DNL. These results suggest that ceramides decrease in response to dietary fructose restriction, negatively correlate with insulin sensitivity, and may represent an intermediary link between hepatic DNL, insulin resistance, and CMR.
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spelling pubmed-90028842022-04-13 Effects of Isocaloric Fructose Restriction on Ceramide Levels in Children with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Relation to Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity Olson, Emily Suh, Jung H. Schwarz, Jean-Marc Noworolski, Susan M. Jones, Grace M. Barber, John R. Erkin-Cakmak, Ayca Mulligan, Kathleen Lustig, Robert H. Mietus-Snyder, Michele Nutrients Article Sugar intake, particularly fructose, is implicated as a factor contributing to insulin resistance via hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL). A nine-day fructose reduction trial, controlling for other dietary factors and weight, in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome, decreased DNL and mitigated cardiometabolic risk (CMR) biomarkers. Ceramides are bioactive sphingolipids whose dysregulated metabolism contribute to lipotoxicity, insulin resistance, and CMR. We evaluated the effect of fructose reduction on ceramides and correlations between changes observed and changes in traditional CMR biomarkers in this cohort. Analyses were completed on data from 43 participants. Mean weight decreased (−0.9 ± 1.1 kg). The majority of total and subspecies ceramide levels also decreased significantly, including dihydroceramides, deoxyceramides and ceramide-1-phoshates. Change in each primary ceramide species correlated negatively with composite insulin sensitivity index (CISI). Change in deoxyceramides positively correlated with change in DNL. These results suggest that ceramides decrease in response to dietary fructose restriction, negatively correlate with insulin sensitivity, and may represent an intermediary link between hepatic DNL, insulin resistance, and CMR. MDPI 2022-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9002884/ /pubmed/35406045 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071432 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Olson, Emily
Suh, Jung H.
Schwarz, Jean-Marc
Noworolski, Susan M.
Jones, Grace M.
Barber, John R.
Erkin-Cakmak, Ayca
Mulligan, Kathleen
Lustig, Robert H.
Mietus-Snyder, Michele
Effects of Isocaloric Fructose Restriction on Ceramide Levels in Children with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Relation to Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity
title Effects of Isocaloric Fructose Restriction on Ceramide Levels in Children with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Relation to Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity
title_full Effects of Isocaloric Fructose Restriction on Ceramide Levels in Children with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Relation to Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity
title_fullStr Effects of Isocaloric Fructose Restriction on Ceramide Levels in Children with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Relation to Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Isocaloric Fructose Restriction on Ceramide Levels in Children with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Relation to Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity
title_short Effects of Isocaloric Fructose Restriction on Ceramide Levels in Children with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Relation to Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity
title_sort effects of isocaloric fructose restriction on ceramide levels in children with obesity and cardiometabolic risk: relation to hepatic de novo lipogenesis and insulin sensitivity
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9002884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35406045
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071432
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