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Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella

Cilia and flagella are a vital part of many organisms. Protozoa such as paramecia rely on the collective and coordinated beating of tubular cilia or flagella for their transport, while mammals depend on the ciliated linings of their bronchia and female reproductive tracts for the continuity of breat...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: van Raak, Roel J. H., Broer, Dirk J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9003437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35406258
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14071384
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author van Raak, Roel J. H.
Broer, Dirk J.
author_facet van Raak, Roel J. H.
Broer, Dirk J.
author_sort van Raak, Roel J. H.
collection PubMed
description Cilia and flagella are a vital part of many organisms. Protozoa such as paramecia rely on the collective and coordinated beating of tubular cilia or flagella for their transport, while mammals depend on the ciliated linings of their bronchia and female reproductive tracts for the continuity of breathing and reproduction, respectively. Over the years, man has attempted to mimic these natural cilia using synthetic materials such as elastomers doped with magnetic particles or light responsive liquid crystal networks. In this review, we will focus on the progress that has been made in mimicking natural cilia and flagella using liquid crystal polymers. We will discuss the progress that has been made in mimicking natural cilia and flagella with liquid crystal polymers using techniques such as fibre drawing, additive manufacturing, or replica moulding, where we will put additional focus on the emergence of asymmetrical and out-of-plane motions.
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spelling pubmed-90034372022-04-13 Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella van Raak, Roel J. H. Broer, Dirk J. Polymers (Basel) Review Cilia and flagella are a vital part of many organisms. Protozoa such as paramecia rely on the collective and coordinated beating of tubular cilia or flagella for their transport, while mammals depend on the ciliated linings of their bronchia and female reproductive tracts for the continuity of breathing and reproduction, respectively. Over the years, man has attempted to mimic these natural cilia using synthetic materials such as elastomers doped with magnetic particles or light responsive liquid crystal networks. In this review, we will focus on the progress that has been made in mimicking natural cilia and flagella using liquid crystal polymers. We will discuss the progress that has been made in mimicking natural cilia and flagella with liquid crystal polymers using techniques such as fibre drawing, additive manufacturing, or replica moulding, where we will put additional focus on the emergence of asymmetrical and out-of-plane motions. MDPI 2022-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9003437/ /pubmed/35406258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14071384 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
van Raak, Roel J. H.
Broer, Dirk J.
Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella
title Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella
title_full Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella
title_fullStr Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella
title_full_unstemmed Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella
title_short Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella
title_sort biomimetic liquid crystal cilia and flagella
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9003437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35406258
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14071384
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