Cargando…
Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella
Cilia and flagella are a vital part of many organisms. Protozoa such as paramecia rely on the collective and coordinated beating of tubular cilia or flagella for their transport, while mammals depend on the ciliated linings of their bronchia and female reproductive tracts for the continuity of breat...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9003437/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35406258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14071384 |
_version_ | 1784686134006120448 |
---|---|
author | van Raak, Roel J. H. Broer, Dirk J. |
author_facet | van Raak, Roel J. H. Broer, Dirk J. |
author_sort | van Raak, Roel J. H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cilia and flagella are a vital part of many organisms. Protozoa such as paramecia rely on the collective and coordinated beating of tubular cilia or flagella for their transport, while mammals depend on the ciliated linings of their bronchia and female reproductive tracts for the continuity of breathing and reproduction, respectively. Over the years, man has attempted to mimic these natural cilia using synthetic materials such as elastomers doped with magnetic particles or light responsive liquid crystal networks. In this review, we will focus on the progress that has been made in mimicking natural cilia and flagella using liquid crystal polymers. We will discuss the progress that has been made in mimicking natural cilia and flagella with liquid crystal polymers using techniques such as fibre drawing, additive manufacturing, or replica moulding, where we will put additional focus on the emergence of asymmetrical and out-of-plane motions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9003437 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90034372022-04-13 Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella van Raak, Roel J. H. Broer, Dirk J. Polymers (Basel) Review Cilia and flagella are a vital part of many organisms. Protozoa such as paramecia rely on the collective and coordinated beating of tubular cilia or flagella for their transport, while mammals depend on the ciliated linings of their bronchia and female reproductive tracts for the continuity of breathing and reproduction, respectively. Over the years, man has attempted to mimic these natural cilia using synthetic materials such as elastomers doped with magnetic particles or light responsive liquid crystal networks. In this review, we will focus on the progress that has been made in mimicking natural cilia and flagella using liquid crystal polymers. We will discuss the progress that has been made in mimicking natural cilia and flagella with liquid crystal polymers using techniques such as fibre drawing, additive manufacturing, or replica moulding, where we will put additional focus on the emergence of asymmetrical and out-of-plane motions. MDPI 2022-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9003437/ /pubmed/35406258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14071384 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review van Raak, Roel J. H. Broer, Dirk J. Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella |
title | Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella |
title_full | Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella |
title_fullStr | Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella |
title_full_unstemmed | Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella |
title_short | Biomimetic Liquid Crystal Cilia and Flagella |
title_sort | biomimetic liquid crystal cilia and flagella |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9003437/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35406258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14071384 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT vanraakroeljh biomimeticliquidcrystalciliaandflagella AT broerdirkj biomimeticliquidcrystalciliaandflagella |