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Amorphous silica fiber matrix biomaterials: An analysis of material synthesis and characterization for tissue engineering

Silica biomaterials including Bioglass offer great biocompatibility and bioactivity but fail to provide pore and degradation features needed for tissue engineering. Herein we report on the synthesis and characterization of novel amorphous silica fiber matrices to overcome these limitations. Amorphou...

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Autores principales: Kim, Hyun S., Kumbar, Sangamesh G., Nukavarapu, Syam P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: KeAi Publishing 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9006749/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35441118
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.002
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author Kim, Hyun S.
Kumbar, Sangamesh G.
Nukavarapu, Syam P.
author_facet Kim, Hyun S.
Kumbar, Sangamesh G.
Nukavarapu, Syam P.
author_sort Kim, Hyun S.
collection PubMed
description Silica biomaterials including Bioglass offer great biocompatibility and bioactivity but fail to provide pore and degradation features needed for tissue engineering. Herein we report on the synthesis and characterization of novel amorphous silica fiber matrices to overcome these limitations. Amorphous silica fibers were fused by sintering to produce porous matrices. The effects of sacrificial polymer additives such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and cellulose fibers (CF) on the sintering process were also studied. The resulting matrices formed between sintering temperatures of 1,350–1,550 °C retained their fiber structures. The matrices presented pores in the range of 50–200 μm while higher sintering temperatures resulted in increased pore diameter. PVA addition to silica significantly reduced the pore diameter and porosity compared with silica matrices with or without the addition of CF. The PVA additive morphologically appeared to fuse the silica fibers to a greater extent and resulted in significantly higher compressive modulus and strength than the rest of the matrices synthesized. These matrices lost roughly 30% of their original mass in an in vitro degradation study over 40 weeks. All matrices absorbed 500 wt% of water and did not change in their overall morphology, size, or shape with hydration. These fiber matrices supported human mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, proliferation, and mineralized matrix production. Amorphous silica fiber biomaterials/matrices reported here are biodegradable and porous and closely resemble the native extracellular matrix structure and water absorption capacity. Extending the methodology reported here to alter matrix properties may lead to a variety of tissue engineering, implant, and drug delivery applications.
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spelling pubmed-90067492022-04-18 Amorphous silica fiber matrix biomaterials: An analysis of material synthesis and characterization for tissue engineering Kim, Hyun S. Kumbar, Sangamesh G. Nukavarapu, Syam P. Bioact Mater Article Silica biomaterials including Bioglass offer great biocompatibility and bioactivity but fail to provide pore and degradation features needed for tissue engineering. Herein we report on the synthesis and characterization of novel amorphous silica fiber matrices to overcome these limitations. Amorphous silica fibers were fused by sintering to produce porous matrices. The effects of sacrificial polymer additives such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and cellulose fibers (CF) on the sintering process were also studied. The resulting matrices formed between sintering temperatures of 1,350–1,550 °C retained their fiber structures. The matrices presented pores in the range of 50–200 μm while higher sintering temperatures resulted in increased pore diameter. PVA addition to silica significantly reduced the pore diameter and porosity compared with silica matrices with or without the addition of CF. The PVA additive morphologically appeared to fuse the silica fibers to a greater extent and resulted in significantly higher compressive modulus and strength than the rest of the matrices synthesized. These matrices lost roughly 30% of their original mass in an in vitro degradation study over 40 weeks. All matrices absorbed 500 wt% of water and did not change in their overall morphology, size, or shape with hydration. These fiber matrices supported human mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, proliferation, and mineralized matrix production. Amorphous silica fiber biomaterials/matrices reported here are biodegradable and porous and closely resemble the native extracellular matrix structure and water absorption capacity. Extending the methodology reported here to alter matrix properties may lead to a variety of tissue engineering, implant, and drug delivery applications. KeAi Publishing 2022-04-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9006749/ /pubmed/35441118 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.002 Text en © 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kim, Hyun S.
Kumbar, Sangamesh G.
Nukavarapu, Syam P.
Amorphous silica fiber matrix biomaterials: An analysis of material synthesis and characterization for tissue engineering
title Amorphous silica fiber matrix biomaterials: An analysis of material synthesis and characterization for tissue engineering
title_full Amorphous silica fiber matrix biomaterials: An analysis of material synthesis and characterization for tissue engineering
title_fullStr Amorphous silica fiber matrix biomaterials: An analysis of material synthesis and characterization for tissue engineering
title_full_unstemmed Amorphous silica fiber matrix biomaterials: An analysis of material synthesis and characterization for tissue engineering
title_short Amorphous silica fiber matrix biomaterials: An analysis of material synthesis and characterization for tissue engineering
title_sort amorphous silica fiber matrix biomaterials: an analysis of material synthesis and characterization for tissue engineering
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9006749/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35441118
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.002
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