Comprehensive analysis of ZFPM2-AS1 prognostic value, immune microenvironment, drug sensitivity, and co-expression network: from gastric adenocarcinoma to pan-cancers

BACKGROUND: ZFPM2-AS1, as an oncogenic lncRNA, plays an essential role in the progression of several tumors. However, the prognostic significance, biological function, and molecular mechanism of ZFPM2-AS1 in most tumors have not been fully elucidated. METHODS: We analyzed differentially expressed immune-related lncRNAs (IRlncRNAs) and clustered gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) samples based on these lncRNAs expression. Then, WGCNA and survival analysis were performed to determine key IRlncRNA (ZFPM2-AS1) in GAC. The comprehensive analysis was performed to evaluate the association between ZFPM2-AS1 expression and survival, tumor microenvironment (TME), immune-related factors, and related signal pathways in pan-cancers. Furthermore, we constructed a co-expression network of ZFPM2-AS1, and NUP107 and C8orf76 were identified as target mRNAs. We further evaluated the role of NUP107 and C8orf76 in the GAC microenvironment. More importantly, real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to validate ZFPM2-AS1, NUP107 and C8orf76 expression. RESULTS: ZFPM2-AS1 was remarkably overexpressed and correlated with poor overall survival in most tumors. Further analysis showed that ZFPM2-AS1 was related to various immune cells infiltrated in the microenvironment of most tumors. GSEA revealed that ZFPM2-AS1 in GAC was primarily involved in immune-related pathways. Furthermore, NUP107 and C8orf76 were identified as potential target mRNAs of ZFPM2-AS1, which was related to infiltrating immune cells in the GAC microenvironment. qRT-PCR verified that ZFPM2-AS, NUP107 and C8orf76 were highly expressed in gastric cancer cells. CONCLUSION: ZFPM2-AS1 could be a potential biomarker for cancer prognosis, and a promising immune target for cancer therapy. Furthermore, ZFPM2-AS1 might play an immunosuppressive role in the GAC microenvironment. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12672-022-00487-0.