Inhibitory potentials of Streptomyces exfoliatus strain ‘MUJA10’ against bacterial pathogens isolated from rural areas in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Healthcare-associated infections are resulting in human morbidity and mortality worldwide. These infections are directly proportional to increased multidrug resistance (MDR), which limits antibiotic treatment and make the treatment of infections challenging. Streptomyces spp. are well known to produce various biologically active compounds. Therefore, these are considered as promising biological control agents against wide range of bacterial pathogens. This study was conducted to isolate and identify the most efficient antibiotic-producing Streptomyces St 45 isolate against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29737, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC25566, E. coli 0157h7 ATCC25922 and Bacillus subtilis. A total 40 soil and 10 water (from wells) samples were processed using standard microbiological techniques at King Faisal Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The selected Streptomyces St 45 isolate was grown to produce biologically active metabolites, and the minimum concentration (MIC) was determined. Sixty isolates with antibacterial properties were selected. The 16s rRNA gene analysis was used to identify the strongest Streptomyces St 45 strain. The highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) was provided by ‘MUJA10’ strain of S. exfoliatus against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29737 (51.33 ± 2.15 mm). The MIC value of ‘MUJA10’ metabolite of S. exfoliatus strain against Salmonella typhimurium ATCC25566 and E. coli 0157h7 ATCC25922 was 0.125 mg/ml. However, Bacillus subtilis had a MIC of 0.625 mg/ml and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29737 had a MIC of 2.5 mg/ml. In conclusion, Streptomyces exfoliatus strain ‘MUJA10’ obtained from soil exhibited high inhibitory potential against human pathogens. The 16s rRNA gene analysis revealed that Streptomyces St 45 isolate was similar to Streptomyces exfoliatus A156.7 with 98% similarity and confirmed as Streptomyces exfoliates ‘MUJA10’ at gene bank with gene accession number OL720257.