The Impact of Meal Timing on Risk of Weight Gain and Development of Obesity: a Review of the Current Evidence and Opportunities for Dietary Intervention

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this short review is to provide an updated commentary on the current literature examining the impact of meal timing on obesity and weight gain in adults. The potential mechanisms, including novel and emerging factors, behind timing of food intake across the 24-h period...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Davis, Rochelle, Rogers, Michelle, Coates, Alison M., Leung, Gloria K. W., Bonham, Maxine P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9010393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35403984
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11892-022-01457-0
_version_ 1784687466499801088
author Davis, Rochelle
Rogers, Michelle
Coates, Alison M.
Leung, Gloria K. W.
Bonham, Maxine P.
author_facet Davis, Rochelle
Rogers, Michelle
Coates, Alison M.
Leung, Gloria K. W.
Bonham, Maxine P.
author_sort Davis, Rochelle
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this short review is to provide an updated commentary on the current literature examining the impact of meal timing on obesity and weight gain in adults. The potential mechanisms, including novel and emerging factors, behind timing of food intake across the 24-h period in the development of obesity, and dietary strategies manipulating meal timing to ameliorate weight gain are also explored. RECENT FINDINGS: Dietary patterns that feature meal timing outside of the regular daytime hours can contribute to circadian disruption as food is metabolised in opposition to internal daily rhythms and can feedback on the timekeeping mechanisms setting these rhythms. Epidemiological evidence examining the impact of late meal timing patterns is beginning to suggest that eating at night increases the risk of weight gain over time. Mechanisms contributing to this include changes to the efficiency of metabolism across the day, and dysregulation of appetite hormone and gut microbiota by mis-timed meals. SUMMARY: When meals are eaten, in relation to the time of day, is increasingly considered of importance when implementing dietary change in order to address the growing burden of obesity, although further research is required in order to determine optimal patterns.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9010393
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Springer US
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-90103932022-05-02 The Impact of Meal Timing on Risk of Weight Gain and Development of Obesity: a Review of the Current Evidence and Opportunities for Dietary Intervention Davis, Rochelle Rogers, Michelle Coates, Alison M. Leung, Gloria K. W. Bonham, Maxine P. Curr Diab Rep Obesity (KM Gadde and P Singh, Section Editors) PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of this short review is to provide an updated commentary on the current literature examining the impact of meal timing on obesity and weight gain in adults. The potential mechanisms, including novel and emerging factors, behind timing of food intake across the 24-h period in the development of obesity, and dietary strategies manipulating meal timing to ameliorate weight gain are also explored. RECENT FINDINGS: Dietary patterns that feature meal timing outside of the regular daytime hours can contribute to circadian disruption as food is metabolised in opposition to internal daily rhythms and can feedback on the timekeeping mechanisms setting these rhythms. Epidemiological evidence examining the impact of late meal timing patterns is beginning to suggest that eating at night increases the risk of weight gain over time. Mechanisms contributing to this include changes to the efficiency of metabolism across the day, and dysregulation of appetite hormone and gut microbiota by mis-timed meals. SUMMARY: When meals are eaten, in relation to the time of day, is increasingly considered of importance when implementing dietary change in order to address the growing burden of obesity, although further research is required in order to determine optimal patterns. Springer US 2022-04-11 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9010393/ /pubmed/35403984 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11892-022-01457-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Obesity (KM Gadde and P Singh, Section Editors)
Davis, Rochelle
Rogers, Michelle
Coates, Alison M.
Leung, Gloria K. W.
Bonham, Maxine P.
The Impact of Meal Timing on Risk of Weight Gain and Development of Obesity: a Review of the Current Evidence and Opportunities for Dietary Intervention
title The Impact of Meal Timing on Risk of Weight Gain and Development of Obesity: a Review of the Current Evidence and Opportunities for Dietary Intervention
title_full The Impact of Meal Timing on Risk of Weight Gain and Development of Obesity: a Review of the Current Evidence and Opportunities for Dietary Intervention
title_fullStr The Impact of Meal Timing on Risk of Weight Gain and Development of Obesity: a Review of the Current Evidence and Opportunities for Dietary Intervention
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Meal Timing on Risk of Weight Gain and Development of Obesity: a Review of the Current Evidence and Opportunities for Dietary Intervention
title_short The Impact of Meal Timing on Risk of Weight Gain and Development of Obesity: a Review of the Current Evidence and Opportunities for Dietary Intervention
title_sort impact of meal timing on risk of weight gain and development of obesity: a review of the current evidence and opportunities for dietary intervention
topic Obesity (KM Gadde and P Singh, Section Editors)
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9010393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35403984
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11892-022-01457-0
work_keys_str_mv AT davisrochelle theimpactofmealtimingonriskofweightgainanddevelopmentofobesityareviewofthecurrentevidenceandopportunitiesfordietaryintervention
AT rogersmichelle theimpactofmealtimingonriskofweightgainanddevelopmentofobesityareviewofthecurrentevidenceandopportunitiesfordietaryintervention
AT coatesalisonm theimpactofmealtimingonriskofweightgainanddevelopmentofobesityareviewofthecurrentevidenceandopportunitiesfordietaryintervention
AT leunggloriakw theimpactofmealtimingonriskofweightgainanddevelopmentofobesityareviewofthecurrentevidenceandopportunitiesfordietaryintervention
AT bonhammaxinep theimpactofmealtimingonriskofweightgainanddevelopmentofobesityareviewofthecurrentevidenceandopportunitiesfordietaryintervention
AT davisrochelle impactofmealtimingonriskofweightgainanddevelopmentofobesityareviewofthecurrentevidenceandopportunitiesfordietaryintervention
AT rogersmichelle impactofmealtimingonriskofweightgainanddevelopmentofobesityareviewofthecurrentevidenceandopportunitiesfordietaryintervention
AT coatesalisonm impactofmealtimingonriskofweightgainanddevelopmentofobesityareviewofthecurrentevidenceandopportunitiesfordietaryintervention
AT leunggloriakw impactofmealtimingonriskofweightgainanddevelopmentofobesityareviewofthecurrentevidenceandopportunitiesfordietaryintervention
AT bonhammaxinep impactofmealtimingonriskofweightgainanddevelopmentofobesityareviewofthecurrentevidenceandopportunitiesfordietaryintervention