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Immune Cells Characteristics and Their Prognostic Effects in Exertional Heatstroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

BACKGROUND: Exertional heatstroke (EHS) remains a major problem for those who take strenuous physical activity. Inflammation and immune dysfunction were thought to be crucial to the pathophysiological process of heatstroke. The present study was aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of the immune...

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Autores principales: Ji, Jingjing, Su, Peng, Lin, Wenyi, Ouyang, Leifang, Wang, Conglin, Jia, Jinxin, Liu, Zheying, Liu, Zhifeng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9011182/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35433749
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.867774
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author Ji, Jingjing
Su, Peng
Lin, Wenyi
Ouyang, Leifang
Wang, Conglin
Jia, Jinxin
Liu, Zheying
Liu, Zhifeng
author_facet Ji, Jingjing
Su, Peng
Lin, Wenyi
Ouyang, Leifang
Wang, Conglin
Jia, Jinxin
Liu, Zheying
Liu, Zhifeng
author_sort Ji, Jingjing
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Exertional heatstroke (EHS) remains a major problem for those who take strenuous physical activity. Inflammation and immune dysfunction were thought to be crucial to the pathophysiological process of heatstroke. The present study was aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of the immune cells in patients with EHS and determine their prognostic effects to provide the clinical evidence of the above process. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study collected all patients with EHS admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA from October 2008 to May 2019. The dynamic changes of the main immune cell count and ratio were collected, including white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLR) were calculated by the neutrophil count/lymphocyte count × 100%. The main outcome was 90-day mortality. RESULTS: A total of 189 patients were enrolled. For survivors, after 24 h, the WBC and neutrophil counts began to decrease, and they were back to normal in 72 h. In addition, the lymphocyte counts were within normal limits all the time. For non-survivors, the WBC and neutrophil counts were continuous over the normal range, while the lymphocyte count and the ratio began to decrease after 24 h and were continuously low in the following days. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis showed that increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were associated with the poor prognosis of the patients. A prediction model based on immune cell counts and ratios was constructed, and the lymphocyte count was accounted for the maximum weight. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with EHS, increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were associated with the poor prognosis. The lymphocyte count at 72 h after admission was the most important prognostic factor.
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spelling pubmed-90111822022-04-16 Immune Cells Characteristics and Their Prognostic Effects in Exertional Heatstroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study Ji, Jingjing Su, Peng Lin, Wenyi Ouyang, Leifang Wang, Conglin Jia, Jinxin Liu, Zheying Liu, Zhifeng Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine BACKGROUND: Exertional heatstroke (EHS) remains a major problem for those who take strenuous physical activity. Inflammation and immune dysfunction were thought to be crucial to the pathophysiological process of heatstroke. The present study was aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of the immune cells in patients with EHS and determine their prognostic effects to provide the clinical evidence of the above process. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study collected all patients with EHS admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA from October 2008 to May 2019. The dynamic changes of the main immune cell count and ratio were collected, including white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLR) were calculated by the neutrophil count/lymphocyte count × 100%. The main outcome was 90-day mortality. RESULTS: A total of 189 patients were enrolled. For survivors, after 24 h, the WBC and neutrophil counts began to decrease, and they were back to normal in 72 h. In addition, the lymphocyte counts were within normal limits all the time. For non-survivors, the WBC and neutrophil counts were continuous over the normal range, while the lymphocyte count and the ratio began to decrease after 24 h and were continuously low in the following days. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis showed that increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were associated with the poor prognosis of the patients. A prediction model based on immune cell counts and ratios was constructed, and the lymphocyte count was accounted for the maximum weight. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with EHS, increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were associated with the poor prognosis. The lymphocyte count at 72 h after admission was the most important prognostic factor. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9011182/ /pubmed/35433749 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.867774 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ji, Su, Lin, Ouyang, Wang, Jia, Liu and Liu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Ji, Jingjing
Su, Peng
Lin, Wenyi
Ouyang, Leifang
Wang, Conglin
Jia, Jinxin
Liu, Zheying
Liu, Zhifeng
Immune Cells Characteristics and Their Prognostic Effects in Exertional Heatstroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title Immune Cells Characteristics and Their Prognostic Effects in Exertional Heatstroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full Immune Cells Characteristics and Their Prognostic Effects in Exertional Heatstroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr Immune Cells Characteristics and Their Prognostic Effects in Exertional Heatstroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Immune Cells Characteristics and Their Prognostic Effects in Exertional Heatstroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_short Immune Cells Characteristics and Their Prognostic Effects in Exertional Heatstroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_sort immune cells characteristics and their prognostic effects in exertional heatstroke patients: a retrospective cohort study
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9011182/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35433749
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.867774
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