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Content validation of educational materials on maternal depression in Nigeria

BACKGROUND: This study describes the content validation process of the already developed English and Yoruba (poster and leaflet) and Yoruba (song) maternal depression educational materials in Nigeria. METHODS: This study is a cross sectional study which is a part of a larger study on training and su...

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Autores principales: Adefolarin, Adeyinka Olufolake, Gershim, Asiki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9012018/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35428198
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04575-5
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author Adefolarin, Adeyinka Olufolake
Gershim, Asiki
author_facet Adefolarin, Adeyinka Olufolake
Gershim, Asiki
author_sort Adefolarin, Adeyinka Olufolake
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: This study describes the content validation process of the already developed English and Yoruba (poster and leaflet) and Yoruba (song) maternal depression educational materials in Nigeria. METHODS: This study is a cross sectional study which is a part of a larger study on training and supervision of Primary health care workers. Study utilized health professionals’ judgement for content validation, and maternal-child health clients’ evaluation for face validation with the use of Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM). Six bilingual professionals validated both English and Yoruba version of materials (Song has only Yoruba version) and 50 clients evaluated each Yoruba material. Validity Index was calculated by formula and inter-rater agreement using intra-class coefficient (ICC) was analyzed on Professionals’ ratings. ICC, ‵t′ test and Pearson correlation were analyzed on professionals’ rating versus randomly selected six clients’ rating. Descriptive statistics, and fisher exact test were used for other statistical analysis with SPSS version 25. RESULTS: The mean age of the professionals for poster was 44.3 ± 6.0 years, for leaflet 39.8 ± 7.2 years, for song 43.8 ± 8.4 years. For maternal child health clients, mean age is: 30.7 ± 5.4 years for poster; 31.3 ± 5.2 for leaflet and 29.0 ± 5.1 for song. Outcomes of bilingual professionals’ validation are validity index: English {leaflet (0.94), poster (0.94)}, and Yoruba {leaflet (0.94) poster (0.94) and song (1.00)}. More than 80% clients rated the suitability of each material as superior. There is no significant relationship between clients’ sociodemographic characteristics and their ratings across content, literacy demand and cultural appropriateness domains of the three materials on fisher exact test. The inter-rater agreement among the professionals is excellent on leaflet and song ICC > 0.8, but it is weak on the poster ICC < 0.6. There is no inter-rater agreement on all the three Yoruba materials, but a negative linear correlation was found on the leaflet between the professionals’ ratings and the randomly selected clients’ ratings. ‵t′ test found no statistical difference in the ratings of the professionals and clients only on song material. CONCLUSION: This study shows the process of validation of the English and Yoruba versions of the educational materials. This process should be leveraged in the content validation of other maternal-child health education materials in Africa.
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spelling pubmed-90120182022-04-16 Content validation of educational materials on maternal depression in Nigeria Adefolarin, Adeyinka Olufolake Gershim, Asiki BMC Pregnancy Childbirth Research Article BACKGROUND: This study describes the content validation process of the already developed English and Yoruba (poster and leaflet) and Yoruba (song) maternal depression educational materials in Nigeria. METHODS: This study is a cross sectional study which is a part of a larger study on training and supervision of Primary health care workers. Study utilized health professionals’ judgement for content validation, and maternal-child health clients’ evaluation for face validation with the use of Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM). Six bilingual professionals validated both English and Yoruba version of materials (Song has only Yoruba version) and 50 clients evaluated each Yoruba material. Validity Index was calculated by formula and inter-rater agreement using intra-class coefficient (ICC) was analyzed on Professionals’ ratings. ICC, ‵t′ test and Pearson correlation were analyzed on professionals’ rating versus randomly selected six clients’ rating. Descriptive statistics, and fisher exact test were used for other statistical analysis with SPSS version 25. RESULTS: The mean age of the professionals for poster was 44.3 ± 6.0 years, for leaflet 39.8 ± 7.2 years, for song 43.8 ± 8.4 years. For maternal child health clients, mean age is: 30.7 ± 5.4 years for poster; 31.3 ± 5.2 for leaflet and 29.0 ± 5.1 for song. Outcomes of bilingual professionals’ validation are validity index: English {leaflet (0.94), poster (0.94)}, and Yoruba {leaflet (0.94) poster (0.94) and song (1.00)}. More than 80% clients rated the suitability of each material as superior. There is no significant relationship between clients’ sociodemographic characteristics and their ratings across content, literacy demand and cultural appropriateness domains of the three materials on fisher exact test. The inter-rater agreement among the professionals is excellent on leaflet and song ICC > 0.8, but it is weak on the poster ICC < 0.6. There is no inter-rater agreement on all the three Yoruba materials, but a negative linear correlation was found on the leaflet between the professionals’ ratings and the randomly selected clients’ ratings. ‵t′ test found no statistical difference in the ratings of the professionals and clients only on song material. CONCLUSION: This study shows the process of validation of the English and Yoruba versions of the educational materials. This process should be leveraged in the content validation of other maternal-child health education materials in Africa. BioMed Central 2022-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9012018/ /pubmed/35428198 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04575-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Adefolarin, Adeyinka Olufolake
Gershim, Asiki
Content validation of educational materials on maternal depression in Nigeria
title Content validation of educational materials on maternal depression in Nigeria
title_full Content validation of educational materials on maternal depression in Nigeria
title_fullStr Content validation of educational materials on maternal depression in Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Content validation of educational materials on maternal depression in Nigeria
title_short Content validation of educational materials on maternal depression in Nigeria
title_sort content validation of educational materials on maternal depression in nigeria
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9012018/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35428198
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04575-5
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