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Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis

Growing experimental evidence indicates that topological defects could serve as organizing centers in the morphogenesis of tissues. Here, we provide a quantitative explanation for this phenomenon, rooted in the buckling theory of deformable active polar liquid crystals. Using a combination of linear...

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Autores principales: Hoffmann, Ludwig A., Carenza, Livio Nicola, Eckert, Julia, Giomi, Luca
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Association for the Advancement of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9012457/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35427161
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abk2712
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author Hoffmann, Ludwig A.
Carenza, Livio Nicola
Eckert, Julia
Giomi, Luca
author_facet Hoffmann, Ludwig A.
Carenza, Livio Nicola
Eckert, Julia
Giomi, Luca
author_sort Hoffmann, Ludwig A.
collection PubMed
description Growing experimental evidence indicates that topological defects could serve as organizing centers in the morphogenesis of tissues. Here, we provide a quantitative explanation for this phenomenon, rooted in the buckling theory of deformable active polar liquid crystals. Using a combination of linear stability analysis and computational fluid dynamics, we demonstrate that active layers, such as confined cell monolayers, are unstable to the formation of protrusions in the presence of disclinations. The instability originates from an interplay between the focusing of the elastic forces, mediated by defects, and the renormalization of the system’s surface tension by the active flow. The posttransitional regime is also characterized by several complex morphodynamical processes, such as oscillatory deformations, droplet nucleation, and active turbulence. Our findings offer an explanation of recent observations on tissue morphogenesis and shed light on the dynamics of active surfaces in general.
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spelling pubmed-90124572022-04-26 Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis Hoffmann, Ludwig A. Carenza, Livio Nicola Eckert, Julia Giomi, Luca Sci Adv Physical and Materials Sciences Growing experimental evidence indicates that topological defects could serve as organizing centers in the morphogenesis of tissues. Here, we provide a quantitative explanation for this phenomenon, rooted in the buckling theory of deformable active polar liquid crystals. Using a combination of linear stability analysis and computational fluid dynamics, we demonstrate that active layers, such as confined cell monolayers, are unstable to the formation of protrusions in the presence of disclinations. The instability originates from an interplay between the focusing of the elastic forces, mediated by defects, and the renormalization of the system’s surface tension by the active flow. The posttransitional regime is also characterized by several complex morphodynamical processes, such as oscillatory deformations, droplet nucleation, and active turbulence. Our findings offer an explanation of recent observations on tissue morphogenesis and shed light on the dynamics of active surfaces in general. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2022-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9012457/ /pubmed/35427161 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abk2712 Text en Copyright © 2022 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Physical and Materials Sciences
Hoffmann, Ludwig A.
Carenza, Livio Nicola
Eckert, Julia
Giomi, Luca
Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis
title Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis
title_full Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis
title_fullStr Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis
title_full_unstemmed Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis
title_short Theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis
title_sort theory of defect-mediated morphogenesis
topic Physical and Materials Sciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9012457/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35427161
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abk2712
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