Fe(2)O(3) Magnetic Nanoparticles and Curcumin Improved Sperm Parameters in Rats with Scrotal Hyperthermia

BACKGROUND: Testicular function depends on temperature, and it has been shown that scrotal hyperthermia causes a sharp decrease in sperm parameters due to oxidative stress. In recent years, the use of natural materials from the plant and nanoparticles has attracted much attention. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin and Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles on sperm parameters in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After preparing the rats, they were placed in a hot water bath at 43°C for 30 minutes for six consecutive days. The 48 rats were then divided into eight groups. A concentration of 0.03 mg/kg body weight magnetic Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles and curcumin at the concentration of 0.02 mg/kg body weight were used. After killing animals, the semen parameters such as viability, concentration, motility, and morphology of sperm were studied. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in all groups of rats in terms of semen parameters (P<0.001). The results showed a positive effect of curcumin on improving semen parameters in scrotal hyperthermia rats and a negative and toxic effect of Fe(2)O(3) magnetic nanoparticles. However, significant improvement in sperm parameters was observed when Fe(2)O(3) magnetic nanoparticles were given to rats along with curcumin. CONCLUSION: Curcumin has a positive and significant effect on improving sperm parameters in scrotal hyperthermia conditions. Fe(2)O(3) magnetic nanoparticles, if co-administered with curcumin, can significantly improve sperm parameters. In this regard, green synthesis of nanoparticles and concomitant administration of antioxidants such as curcumin in scrotal hyperthermia conditions is recommended.