Decreased Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity and Its Associations with Clinical Correlates following Traumatic Brain Injury

OBJECTIVE: To explore the interhemispheric functional coordination following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its association with posttraumatic anxiety and depressive symptoms. METHODS: This was a combination of a retrospective cohort study and a cross-sectional observational study. We investigated the functional coordination between hemispheres by voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC). Grey matter volumes were examined by voxel-based morphometry (VBM), and microstructural integrity of the corpus callosum (CC) was assessed by diffusion tension imaging (DTI). The anxiety and depressive symptoms were evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. RESULTS: The VMHC values of the bilateral middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and orbital middle frontal gyrus (MFG) were significantly decreased in TBI patients versus the healthy controls. Weakened homotopic functional connectivity (FC) in the bilateral orbital MFG is moderate positively correlated with anxiety and depressive symptoms. The white matter integrity in the CC was extensively reduced in TBI patients. In the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the VMHC value of the orbital MFG could distinguish TBI from HC with an area under the curve of 0.939 (sensitivity of 1 and specificity of 0.867). CONCLUSION: TBI disrupts the interhemispheric functional and structural connection, which is correlated with posttraumatic mood disorders. These findings may serve as a clinical indicator for diagnosis.