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Starch content changes and metabolism-related gene regulation of Chinese cabbage synergistically induced by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection
Clubroot is one of the major diseases adversely affecting Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) yield and quality. To precisely characterize the Plasmodiophora brassicae infection of Chinese cabbage, we developed a dual fluorescent staining method for simultaneously examining the pathogen, cell structures...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9015896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35043157 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhab071 |
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author | Ma, Yinbo Choi, Su Ryun Wang, Yu Chhapekar, Sushil Satish Zhang, Xue Wang, Yingjun Zhang, Xueying Zhu, Meiyu Liu, Di Zuo, Zhennan Yan, Xinyu Gan, Caixia Zhao, Di Liang, Yue Pang, Wenxing Lim, Yong Pyo |
author_facet | Ma, Yinbo Choi, Su Ryun Wang, Yu Chhapekar, Sushil Satish Zhang, Xue Wang, Yingjun Zhang, Xueying Zhu, Meiyu Liu, Di Zuo, Zhennan Yan, Xinyu Gan, Caixia Zhao, Di Liang, Yue Pang, Wenxing Lim, Yong Pyo |
author_sort | Ma, Yinbo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Clubroot is one of the major diseases adversely affecting Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) yield and quality. To precisely characterize the Plasmodiophora brassicae infection of Chinese cabbage, we developed a dual fluorescent staining method for simultaneously examining the pathogen, cell structures, and starch grains. The number of starch (amylopectin) grains increased in B. rapa roots infected by P. brassicae, especially from 14 to 21 days after inoculation. Therefore, the expression levels of 38 core starch metabolism genes were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR. Most genes related to starch synthesis were up-regulated at 7 days after P. brassicae inoculation, whereas the expression levels of starch degradation-related genes were increased at 14 days after inoculation. Then, genes encoding the core enzymes involved in starch metabolism were investigated by assessing their chromosomal distributions, structures, duplication events, and synteny among Brassica species. Genome comparisons indicated that 38 non-redundant genes belonging to six core gene families related to starch metabolism are highly conserved among Arabidopsis thaliana, B. rapa, Brassica nigra, and Brassica oleracea. Previous genome sequencing projects have revealed that P. brassicae obtained host nutrients by manipulating plant metabolism. Starch may serve as a carbon source for P. brassicae colonization, as indicated by histological observations and transcriptomic analysis. Results of this study may elucidate the evolution and expression of core starch metabolism genes and provide researchers with novel insights into the pathogenesis of clubroot in B. rapa. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9015896 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90158962022-04-19 Starch content changes and metabolism-related gene regulation of Chinese cabbage synergistically induced by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection Ma, Yinbo Choi, Su Ryun Wang, Yu Chhapekar, Sushil Satish Zhang, Xue Wang, Yingjun Zhang, Xueying Zhu, Meiyu Liu, Di Zuo, Zhennan Yan, Xinyu Gan, Caixia Zhao, Di Liang, Yue Pang, Wenxing Lim, Yong Pyo Hortic Res Article Clubroot is one of the major diseases adversely affecting Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) yield and quality. To precisely characterize the Plasmodiophora brassicae infection of Chinese cabbage, we developed a dual fluorescent staining method for simultaneously examining the pathogen, cell structures, and starch grains. The number of starch (amylopectin) grains increased in B. rapa roots infected by P. brassicae, especially from 14 to 21 days after inoculation. Therefore, the expression levels of 38 core starch metabolism genes were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR. Most genes related to starch synthesis were up-regulated at 7 days after P. brassicae inoculation, whereas the expression levels of starch degradation-related genes were increased at 14 days after inoculation. Then, genes encoding the core enzymes involved in starch metabolism were investigated by assessing their chromosomal distributions, structures, duplication events, and synteny among Brassica species. Genome comparisons indicated that 38 non-redundant genes belonging to six core gene families related to starch metabolism are highly conserved among Arabidopsis thaliana, B. rapa, Brassica nigra, and Brassica oleracea. Previous genome sequencing projects have revealed that P. brassicae obtained host nutrients by manipulating plant metabolism. Starch may serve as a carbon source for P. brassicae colonization, as indicated by histological observations and transcriptomic analysis. Results of this study may elucidate the evolution and expression of core starch metabolism genes and provide researchers with novel insights into the pathogenesis of clubroot in B. rapa. Oxford University Press 2022-01-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9015896/ /pubmed/35043157 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhab071 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nanjing Agricultural University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Article Ma, Yinbo Choi, Su Ryun Wang, Yu Chhapekar, Sushil Satish Zhang, Xue Wang, Yingjun Zhang, Xueying Zhu, Meiyu Liu, Di Zuo, Zhennan Yan, Xinyu Gan, Caixia Zhao, Di Liang, Yue Pang, Wenxing Lim, Yong Pyo Starch content changes and metabolism-related gene regulation of Chinese cabbage synergistically induced by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection |
title | Starch content changes and metabolism-related gene regulation of Chinese cabbage synergistically induced by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection |
title_full | Starch content changes and metabolism-related gene regulation of Chinese cabbage synergistically induced by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection |
title_fullStr | Starch content changes and metabolism-related gene regulation of Chinese cabbage synergistically induced by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Starch content changes and metabolism-related gene regulation of Chinese cabbage synergistically induced by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection |
title_short | Starch content changes and metabolism-related gene regulation of Chinese cabbage synergistically induced by Plasmodiophora brassicae infection |
title_sort | starch content changes and metabolism-related gene regulation of chinese cabbage synergistically induced by plasmodiophora brassicae infection |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9015896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35043157 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhab071 |
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