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Computational characterization of the behavior of a saliva droplet in a social environment
The conduct of respiratory droplets is the basis of the study to reduce the spread of a virus in society. The pandemic suffered in early 2020 due to COVID-19 shows the lack of research on the evaporation and fate of droplets exhaled in the environment. The current study, attempts to provide solution...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9016067/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35437309 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10180-5 |
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author | Ugarte-Anero, Ainara Fernandez-Gamiz, Unai Portal-Porras, Koldo Zulueta, Ekaitz Urbina-Garcia, Oskar |
author_facet | Ugarte-Anero, Ainara Fernandez-Gamiz, Unai Portal-Porras, Koldo Zulueta, Ekaitz Urbina-Garcia, Oskar |
author_sort | Ugarte-Anero, Ainara |
collection | PubMed |
description | The conduct of respiratory droplets is the basis of the study to reduce the spread of a virus in society. The pandemic suffered in early 2020 due to COVID-19 shows the lack of research on the evaporation and fate of droplets exhaled in the environment. The current study, attempts to provide solution through computational fluid dynamics techniques based on a multiphase state with the help of Eulerian–Lagrangian techniques to the activity of respiratory droplets. A numerical study has shown how the behavior of droplets of pure water exhaled in the environment after a sneeze or cough have a dynamic equal to the experimental curve of Wells. The droplets of saliva have been introduced as a saline solution. Considering the mass transferred and the turbulence created, the results has showed that the ambient temperature and relative humidity are parameters that significantly affect the evaporation process, and therefore to the fate. Evaporation time tends to be of a higher value when the temperature affecting the environment is lower. With constant parameters of particle diameter and ambient temperature, an increase in relative humidity increases the evaporation time. A larger particle diameter is consequently transported at a greater distance, since the opposite force it affects is the weight. Finally, a neural network-based model is presented to predict particle evaporation time. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9016067 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90160672022-04-21 Computational characterization of the behavior of a saliva droplet in a social environment Ugarte-Anero, Ainara Fernandez-Gamiz, Unai Portal-Porras, Koldo Zulueta, Ekaitz Urbina-Garcia, Oskar Sci Rep Article The conduct of respiratory droplets is the basis of the study to reduce the spread of a virus in society. The pandemic suffered in early 2020 due to COVID-19 shows the lack of research on the evaporation and fate of droplets exhaled in the environment. The current study, attempts to provide solution through computational fluid dynamics techniques based on a multiphase state with the help of Eulerian–Lagrangian techniques to the activity of respiratory droplets. A numerical study has shown how the behavior of droplets of pure water exhaled in the environment after a sneeze or cough have a dynamic equal to the experimental curve of Wells. The droplets of saliva have been introduced as a saline solution. Considering the mass transferred and the turbulence created, the results has showed that the ambient temperature and relative humidity are parameters that significantly affect the evaporation process, and therefore to the fate. Evaporation time tends to be of a higher value when the temperature affecting the environment is lower. With constant parameters of particle diameter and ambient temperature, an increase in relative humidity increases the evaporation time. A larger particle diameter is consequently transported at a greater distance, since the opposite force it affects is the weight. Finally, a neural network-based model is presented to predict particle evaporation time. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9016067/ /pubmed/35437309 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10180-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Ugarte-Anero, Ainara Fernandez-Gamiz, Unai Portal-Porras, Koldo Zulueta, Ekaitz Urbina-Garcia, Oskar Computational characterization of the behavior of a saliva droplet in a social environment |
title | Computational characterization of the behavior of a saliva droplet in a social environment |
title_full | Computational characterization of the behavior of a saliva droplet in a social environment |
title_fullStr | Computational characterization of the behavior of a saliva droplet in a social environment |
title_full_unstemmed | Computational characterization of the behavior of a saliva droplet in a social environment |
title_short | Computational characterization of the behavior of a saliva droplet in a social environment |
title_sort | computational characterization of the behavior of a saliva droplet in a social environment |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9016067/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35437309 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10180-5 |
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