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Quantitative Morphometric, Physiological, and Metabolic Characteristics of Chickens and Mallards for Physiologically Based Kinetic Model Development

Physiologically based kinetic (PBK) models are a promising tool for xenobiotic environmental risk assessment that could reduce animal testing by predicting in vivo exposure. PBK models for birds could further our understanding of species-specific sensitivities to xenobiotics, but would require speci...

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Autores principales: Scanes, Colin G., Witt, Johannes, Ebeling, Markus, Schaller, Stephan, Baier, Vanessa, Bone, Audrey J., Preuss, Thomas G., Heckmann, David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9019682/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35464078
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.858283
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author Scanes, Colin G.
Witt, Johannes
Ebeling, Markus
Schaller, Stephan
Baier, Vanessa
Bone, Audrey J.
Preuss, Thomas G.
Heckmann, David
author_facet Scanes, Colin G.
Witt, Johannes
Ebeling, Markus
Schaller, Stephan
Baier, Vanessa
Bone, Audrey J.
Preuss, Thomas G.
Heckmann, David
author_sort Scanes, Colin G.
collection PubMed
description Physiologically based kinetic (PBK) models are a promising tool for xenobiotic environmental risk assessment that could reduce animal testing by predicting in vivo exposure. PBK models for birds could further our understanding of species-specific sensitivities to xenobiotics, but would require species-specific parameterization. To this end, we summarize multiple major morphometric and physiological characteristics in chickens, particularly laying hens (Gallus gallus) and mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) in a meta-analysis of published data. Where such data did not exist, data are substituted from domesticated ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and, in their absence, from chickens. The distribution of water between intracellular, extracellular, and plasma is similar in laying hens and mallards. Similarly, the lengths of the components of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) are similar in chickens and mallards. Moreover, not only are the gastrointestinal absorptive areas similar in mallard and chickens but also they are similar to those in mammals when expressed on a log basis and compared to log body weight. In contrast, the following are much lower in laying hens than mallards: cardiac output (CO), hematocrit (Hct), and blood hemoglobin. There are shifts in ovary weight (increased), oviduct weight (increased), and plasma/serum concentrations of vitellogenin and triglyceride between laying hens and sexually immature females. In contrast, reproductive state does not affect the relative weights of the liver, kidneys, spleen, and gizzard.
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spelling pubmed-90196822022-04-21 Quantitative Morphometric, Physiological, and Metabolic Characteristics of Chickens and Mallards for Physiologically Based Kinetic Model Development Scanes, Colin G. Witt, Johannes Ebeling, Markus Schaller, Stephan Baier, Vanessa Bone, Audrey J. Preuss, Thomas G. Heckmann, David Front Physiol Physiology Physiologically based kinetic (PBK) models are a promising tool for xenobiotic environmental risk assessment that could reduce animal testing by predicting in vivo exposure. PBK models for birds could further our understanding of species-specific sensitivities to xenobiotics, but would require species-specific parameterization. To this end, we summarize multiple major morphometric and physiological characteristics in chickens, particularly laying hens (Gallus gallus) and mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) in a meta-analysis of published data. Where such data did not exist, data are substituted from domesticated ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and, in their absence, from chickens. The distribution of water between intracellular, extracellular, and plasma is similar in laying hens and mallards. Similarly, the lengths of the components of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) are similar in chickens and mallards. Moreover, not only are the gastrointestinal absorptive areas similar in mallard and chickens but also they are similar to those in mammals when expressed on a log basis and compared to log body weight. In contrast, the following are much lower in laying hens than mallards: cardiac output (CO), hematocrit (Hct), and blood hemoglobin. There are shifts in ovary weight (increased), oviduct weight (increased), and plasma/serum concentrations of vitellogenin and triglyceride between laying hens and sexually immature females. In contrast, reproductive state does not affect the relative weights of the liver, kidneys, spleen, and gizzard. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9019682/ /pubmed/35464078 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.858283 Text en Copyright © 2022 Scanes, Witt, Ebeling, Schaller, Baier, Bone, Preuss and Heckmann. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Scanes, Colin G.
Witt, Johannes
Ebeling, Markus
Schaller, Stephan
Baier, Vanessa
Bone, Audrey J.
Preuss, Thomas G.
Heckmann, David
Quantitative Morphometric, Physiological, and Metabolic Characteristics of Chickens and Mallards for Physiologically Based Kinetic Model Development
title Quantitative Morphometric, Physiological, and Metabolic Characteristics of Chickens and Mallards for Physiologically Based Kinetic Model Development
title_full Quantitative Morphometric, Physiological, and Metabolic Characteristics of Chickens and Mallards for Physiologically Based Kinetic Model Development
title_fullStr Quantitative Morphometric, Physiological, and Metabolic Characteristics of Chickens and Mallards for Physiologically Based Kinetic Model Development
title_full_unstemmed Quantitative Morphometric, Physiological, and Metabolic Characteristics of Chickens and Mallards for Physiologically Based Kinetic Model Development
title_short Quantitative Morphometric, Physiological, and Metabolic Characteristics of Chickens and Mallards for Physiologically Based Kinetic Model Development
title_sort quantitative morphometric, physiological, and metabolic characteristics of chickens and mallards for physiologically based kinetic model development
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9019682/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35464078
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.858283
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