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Perinatal Risks of Neonatal and Infant Mortalities in a Sub-provincial Region of China: A Livebirth Population-based Cohort Study

BACKGROUND: Current vital statistics of birth population and neonatal outcome in China lacked information and definition of deaths at delivery and during hospitalization, especially for extreme preterm (EPT) birth. This study aims to delineate the prevalence of neonatal hospitalization, neonatal and...

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Autores principales: Xu, Yaling, Guo, Xiaojing, Pan, Zhaojun, Zheng, Guofang, Li, Xiaoqiong, Qi, Tingting, Zhu, Xiaoqin, Wang, Hui, Ding, Weijie, Tian, Zhaofang, Wang, Haijun, Yue, Hongni, Sun, Bo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9020038/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35440021
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04653-8
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author Xu, Yaling
Guo, Xiaojing
Pan, Zhaojun
Zheng, Guofang
Li, Xiaoqiong
Qi, Tingting
Zhu, Xiaoqin
Wang, Hui
Ding, Weijie
Tian, Zhaofang
Wang, Haijun
Yue, Hongni
Sun, Bo
author_facet Xu, Yaling
Guo, Xiaojing
Pan, Zhaojun
Zheng, Guofang
Li, Xiaoqiong
Qi, Tingting
Zhu, Xiaoqin
Wang, Hui
Ding, Weijie
Tian, Zhaofang
Wang, Haijun
Yue, Hongni
Sun, Bo
author_sort Xu, Yaling
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Current vital statistics of birth population and neonatal outcome in China lacked information and definition of deaths at delivery and during hospitalization, especially for extreme preterm (EPT) birth. This study aims to delineate the prevalence of neonatal hospitalization, neonatal and infant mortality rates (NMR, IMR) and associated perinatal risks based on all livebirths in Huai’an, an evolving sub-provincial region in eastern China. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study established a comprehensive database linking information of whole regional livebirths and neonatal hospitalization in 2015, including deaths at delivery and EPT livebirths. The primary outcomes were NMR and IMR stratified by gestational age (GA) and birthweight (BW) with 95% confidence intervals. Causes of the neonatal and infant deaths were categorized according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases 10th version, and population attributable fractions of GA and BW strata were analyzed. Perinatal risks of infant mortalities in continuum periods were estimated by Cox regression models. RESULTS: Among the whole livebirth population (59056), 7960 were hospitalized (prevalence 13.5%), with 168 (2.8‰) in-hospital deaths. The NMR was 3.6 (3.2, 4.1)‰ and IMR 4.9 (1.4, 4.5)‰, with additionally 35 (0.6‰) deaths at delivery. The major causes of infant deaths were perinatal conditions (2.6‰, mainly preterm-related), congenital anomalies (1.5‰), sudden unexpected death in infancy (0.6‰) and other causes (0.2‰). The deaths caused by preterm and low BW (LBW) accounted for 50% and 40% of NMR and IMR, with 20-30% contributed by EPT or extremely LBW, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that peripartum factors and LBW strata had strong association with early- and late-neonatal deaths, whereas those of GA < 28 weeks were highly associated with postneonatal deaths. Congenital anomalies and neonatal hospitalization remained high death risks over the entire infancy, whereas maternal co-morbidities/complications were modestly associated with neonatal but not postneonatal infant mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The NMR, IMR, major causes of deaths and associated perinatal risks in continuum periods of infancy, denote the status and quality improvement of the regional perinatal-neonatal care associated with socioeconomic development. The study concept, applicability and representativeness may be validated in other evolving regions or countries for genuine comparison and better maternal-infant healthcare. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-04653-8.
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spelling pubmed-90200382022-04-21 Perinatal Risks of Neonatal and Infant Mortalities in a Sub-provincial Region of China: A Livebirth Population-based Cohort Study Xu, Yaling Guo, Xiaojing Pan, Zhaojun Zheng, Guofang Li, Xiaoqiong Qi, Tingting Zhu, Xiaoqin Wang, Hui Ding, Weijie Tian, Zhaofang Wang, Haijun Yue, Hongni Sun, Bo BMC Pregnancy Childbirth Research BACKGROUND: Current vital statistics of birth population and neonatal outcome in China lacked information and definition of deaths at delivery and during hospitalization, especially for extreme preterm (EPT) birth. This study aims to delineate the prevalence of neonatal hospitalization, neonatal and infant mortality rates (NMR, IMR) and associated perinatal risks based on all livebirths in Huai’an, an evolving sub-provincial region in eastern China. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study established a comprehensive database linking information of whole regional livebirths and neonatal hospitalization in 2015, including deaths at delivery and EPT livebirths. The primary outcomes were NMR and IMR stratified by gestational age (GA) and birthweight (BW) with 95% confidence intervals. Causes of the neonatal and infant deaths were categorized according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases 10th version, and population attributable fractions of GA and BW strata were analyzed. Perinatal risks of infant mortalities in continuum periods were estimated by Cox regression models. RESULTS: Among the whole livebirth population (59056), 7960 were hospitalized (prevalence 13.5%), with 168 (2.8‰) in-hospital deaths. The NMR was 3.6 (3.2, 4.1)‰ and IMR 4.9 (1.4, 4.5)‰, with additionally 35 (0.6‰) deaths at delivery. The major causes of infant deaths were perinatal conditions (2.6‰, mainly preterm-related), congenital anomalies (1.5‰), sudden unexpected death in infancy (0.6‰) and other causes (0.2‰). The deaths caused by preterm and low BW (LBW) accounted for 50% and 40% of NMR and IMR, with 20-30% contributed by EPT or extremely LBW, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that peripartum factors and LBW strata had strong association with early- and late-neonatal deaths, whereas those of GA < 28 weeks were highly associated with postneonatal deaths. Congenital anomalies and neonatal hospitalization remained high death risks over the entire infancy, whereas maternal co-morbidities/complications were modestly associated with neonatal but not postneonatal infant mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The NMR, IMR, major causes of deaths and associated perinatal risks in continuum periods of infancy, denote the status and quality improvement of the regional perinatal-neonatal care associated with socioeconomic development. The study concept, applicability and representativeness may be validated in other evolving regions or countries for genuine comparison and better maternal-infant healthcare. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-04653-8. BioMed Central 2022-04-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9020038/ /pubmed/35440021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04653-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Xu, Yaling
Guo, Xiaojing
Pan, Zhaojun
Zheng, Guofang
Li, Xiaoqiong
Qi, Tingting
Zhu, Xiaoqin
Wang, Hui
Ding, Weijie
Tian, Zhaofang
Wang, Haijun
Yue, Hongni
Sun, Bo
Perinatal Risks of Neonatal and Infant Mortalities in a Sub-provincial Region of China: A Livebirth Population-based Cohort Study
title Perinatal Risks of Neonatal and Infant Mortalities in a Sub-provincial Region of China: A Livebirth Population-based Cohort Study
title_full Perinatal Risks of Neonatal and Infant Mortalities in a Sub-provincial Region of China: A Livebirth Population-based Cohort Study
title_fullStr Perinatal Risks of Neonatal and Infant Mortalities in a Sub-provincial Region of China: A Livebirth Population-based Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Perinatal Risks of Neonatal and Infant Mortalities in a Sub-provincial Region of China: A Livebirth Population-based Cohort Study
title_short Perinatal Risks of Neonatal and Infant Mortalities in a Sub-provincial Region of China: A Livebirth Population-based Cohort Study
title_sort perinatal risks of neonatal and infant mortalities in a sub-provincial region of china: a livebirth population-based cohort study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9020038/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35440021
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04653-8
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