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Modeling of lophotrichous bacteria reveals key factors for swimming reorientation

Lophotrichous bacteria swim through fluid by rotating their flagellar bundle extended collectively from one pole of the cell body. Cells experience modes of motility such as push, pull, and wrapping, accompanied by pauses of motor rotation in between. We present a mathematical model of a lophotricho...

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Autores principales: Park, Jeungeun, Kim, Yongsam, Lee, Wanho, Lim, Sookkyung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9021275/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35444244
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09823-4
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author Park, Jeungeun
Kim, Yongsam
Lee, Wanho
Lim, Sookkyung
author_facet Park, Jeungeun
Kim, Yongsam
Lee, Wanho
Lim, Sookkyung
author_sort Park, Jeungeun
collection PubMed
description Lophotrichous bacteria swim through fluid by rotating their flagellar bundle extended collectively from one pole of the cell body. Cells experience modes of motility such as push, pull, and wrapping, accompanied by pauses of motor rotation in between. We present a mathematical model of a lophotrichous bacterium and investigate the hydrodynamic interaction of cells to understand their swimming mechanism. We classify the swimming modes which vary depending on the bending modulus of the hook and the magnitude of applied torques on the motor. Given the hook’s bending modulus, we find that there exist corresponding critical thresholds of the magnitude of applied torques that separate wrapping from pull in CW motor rotation, and overwhirling from push in CCW motor rotation, respectively. We also investigate reoriented directions of cells in three-dimensional perspectives as the cell experiences different series of swimming modes. Our simulations show that the transition from a wrapping mode to a push mode and pauses in between are key factors to determine a new path and that the reoriented direction depends upon the start time and duration of the pauses. It is also shown that the wrapping mode may help a cell to escape from the region where the cell is trapped near a wall.
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spelling pubmed-90212752022-04-21 Modeling of lophotrichous bacteria reveals key factors for swimming reorientation Park, Jeungeun Kim, Yongsam Lee, Wanho Lim, Sookkyung Sci Rep Article Lophotrichous bacteria swim through fluid by rotating their flagellar bundle extended collectively from one pole of the cell body. Cells experience modes of motility such as push, pull, and wrapping, accompanied by pauses of motor rotation in between. We present a mathematical model of a lophotrichous bacterium and investigate the hydrodynamic interaction of cells to understand their swimming mechanism. We classify the swimming modes which vary depending on the bending modulus of the hook and the magnitude of applied torques on the motor. Given the hook’s bending modulus, we find that there exist corresponding critical thresholds of the magnitude of applied torques that separate wrapping from pull in CW motor rotation, and overwhirling from push in CCW motor rotation, respectively. We also investigate reoriented directions of cells in three-dimensional perspectives as the cell experiences different series of swimming modes. Our simulations show that the transition from a wrapping mode to a push mode and pauses in between are key factors to determine a new path and that the reoriented direction depends upon the start time and duration of the pauses. It is also shown that the wrapping mode may help a cell to escape from the region where the cell is trapped near a wall. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9021275/ /pubmed/35444244 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09823-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Park, Jeungeun
Kim, Yongsam
Lee, Wanho
Lim, Sookkyung
Modeling of lophotrichous bacteria reveals key factors for swimming reorientation
title Modeling of lophotrichous bacteria reveals key factors for swimming reorientation
title_full Modeling of lophotrichous bacteria reveals key factors for swimming reorientation
title_fullStr Modeling of lophotrichous bacteria reveals key factors for swimming reorientation
title_full_unstemmed Modeling of lophotrichous bacteria reveals key factors for swimming reorientation
title_short Modeling of lophotrichous bacteria reveals key factors for swimming reorientation
title_sort modeling of lophotrichous bacteria reveals key factors for swimming reorientation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9021275/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35444244
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09823-4
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