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Pathological Osteoclasts and Precursor Macrophages in Inflammatory Arthritis

Macrophages comprise a variety of subsets with diverse biological functions, including inflammation, tissue repair, regeneration, and fibrosis. In the bone marrow, macrophages differentiate into multinucleated osteoclasts, which have a unique bone-destroying capacity and play key roles in physiologi...

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Autores principales: Hasegawa, Tetsuo, Ishii, Masaru
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35464401
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.867368
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author Hasegawa, Tetsuo
Ishii, Masaru
author_facet Hasegawa, Tetsuo
Ishii, Masaru
author_sort Hasegawa, Tetsuo
collection PubMed
description Macrophages comprise a variety of subsets with diverse biological functions, including inflammation, tissue repair, regeneration, and fibrosis. In the bone marrow, macrophages differentiate into multinucleated osteoclasts, which have a unique bone-destroying capacity and play key roles in physiological bone remodelling. In contrast, osteoclasts are also involved in inflammatory bone erosion in arthritis and it has been unclear whether the osteoclasts in different tissue settings arise from similar monocytoid precursors and share similar phenotypes. Rapid progresses in the sequencing technologies have provided many important insights regarding the heterogeneity of different types of osteoclasts. The application of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to the osteoclast precursor-containing macrophages enabled to identify the specific subpopulation differentiating into pathological mature osteoclasts in joints. Furthermore, an intravital imaging technology using two-photon microscopy has succeeded in visualizing the real-time dynamics of immune cells in the synovial microenvironment. These technologies together contributed to characterize the unique macrophages in the inflamed synovium, termed “arthritis-associated osteoclastogenic macrophages (AtoMs)”, causing the pathological bone destruction in inflammatory arthritis. Here, we review and discuss how novel technologies help to better understand the role of macrophages in inflammatory arthritis, especially focusing of osteoclastogenesis at the pannus-bone interface.
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spelling pubmed-90241122022-04-23 Pathological Osteoclasts and Precursor Macrophages in Inflammatory Arthritis Hasegawa, Tetsuo Ishii, Masaru Front Immunol Immunology Macrophages comprise a variety of subsets with diverse biological functions, including inflammation, tissue repair, regeneration, and fibrosis. In the bone marrow, macrophages differentiate into multinucleated osteoclasts, which have a unique bone-destroying capacity and play key roles in physiological bone remodelling. In contrast, osteoclasts are also involved in inflammatory bone erosion in arthritis and it has been unclear whether the osteoclasts in different tissue settings arise from similar monocytoid precursors and share similar phenotypes. Rapid progresses in the sequencing technologies have provided many important insights regarding the heterogeneity of different types of osteoclasts. The application of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to the osteoclast precursor-containing macrophages enabled to identify the specific subpopulation differentiating into pathological mature osteoclasts in joints. Furthermore, an intravital imaging technology using two-photon microscopy has succeeded in visualizing the real-time dynamics of immune cells in the synovial microenvironment. These technologies together contributed to characterize the unique macrophages in the inflamed synovium, termed “arthritis-associated osteoclastogenic macrophages (AtoMs)”, causing the pathological bone destruction in inflammatory arthritis. Here, we review and discuss how novel technologies help to better understand the role of macrophages in inflammatory arthritis, especially focusing of osteoclastogenesis at the pannus-bone interface. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9024112/ /pubmed/35464401 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.867368 Text en Copyright © 2022 Hasegawa and Ishii https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Hasegawa, Tetsuo
Ishii, Masaru
Pathological Osteoclasts and Precursor Macrophages in Inflammatory Arthritis
title Pathological Osteoclasts and Precursor Macrophages in Inflammatory Arthritis
title_full Pathological Osteoclasts and Precursor Macrophages in Inflammatory Arthritis
title_fullStr Pathological Osteoclasts and Precursor Macrophages in Inflammatory Arthritis
title_full_unstemmed Pathological Osteoclasts and Precursor Macrophages in Inflammatory Arthritis
title_short Pathological Osteoclasts and Precursor Macrophages in Inflammatory Arthritis
title_sort pathological osteoclasts and precursor macrophages in inflammatory arthritis
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35464401
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.867368
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