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Natural Deterioration Processes of Salix psammophila Sand Barriers in Atmospheric Exposure Section
The atmospheric conditions of desert environments are important for the protection of Salix psammophila Sand Barrier, and these conditions can affect and change the structure and performance of the sand barrier, causing them to lose their wind proofing and sand fixing benefits. In this study, we hav...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024297/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35463390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.850391 |
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author | Wang, Ruidong Dang, Xiaohong Gao, Yong Yang, Xia Liang, Yumei Zhao, Chen Duan, Xiaoting |
author_facet | Wang, Ruidong Dang, Xiaohong Gao, Yong Yang, Xia Liang, Yumei Zhao, Chen Duan, Xiaoting |
author_sort | Wang, Ruidong |
collection | PubMed |
description | The atmospheric conditions of desert environments are important for the protection of Salix psammophila Sand Barrier, and these conditions can affect and change the structure and performance of the sand barrier, causing them to lose their wind proofing and sand fixing benefits. In this study, we have first examined the key environmental factors that affect the exposure of S. psammophila sand barrier. Then, we assessed how key factors in the desert atmospheric environment affect structural aging and performance. The relative crystallinity and chemical composition changes in the sand barrier were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the main degradation factors and processes were discussed. The results showed that the degradation degree of the exposed S. psammophila sand barrier was mainly affected by moisture and ultraviolet radiation. Lignin was the main component and the source of photodegradation and photodiscoloration observed in the sand barrier. However, other polysaccharides, such as cellulose and hemicellulose, were less affected by photodegradation. The stress generated by alternating desorption-absorption was the main cause of the expansion and contraction, deformation, cracking, and warping observed in S. psammophila sand barrier. We also found a series of irreversible changes and losses that occurred, which affected the natural material properties of S. psammophila sand barrier exposed to atmospheric conditions for several years. Exposure times between 5 and 7 years were the most important turning point in time for determining the deterioration of the S. psammophila sand barrier. Our results highlighted the importance of the interactions between atmospheric factors and the exposed atmospheric sections of the S. psammophila sand barrier from the perspective of environmental effects. However, the exact mechanisms of the sand barrier deterioration still need further investigation. Nevertheless, our overall findings advanced the current understanding of the environmental effects of S. psammophila sand barrier for ecological restoration and desertification reversal, especially in stressful desert environments. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9024297 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90242972022-04-23 Natural Deterioration Processes of Salix psammophila Sand Barriers in Atmospheric Exposure Section Wang, Ruidong Dang, Xiaohong Gao, Yong Yang, Xia Liang, Yumei Zhao, Chen Duan, Xiaoting Front Plant Sci Plant Science The atmospheric conditions of desert environments are important for the protection of Salix psammophila Sand Barrier, and these conditions can affect and change the structure and performance of the sand barrier, causing them to lose their wind proofing and sand fixing benefits. In this study, we have first examined the key environmental factors that affect the exposure of S. psammophila sand barrier. Then, we assessed how key factors in the desert atmospheric environment affect structural aging and performance. The relative crystallinity and chemical composition changes in the sand barrier were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the main degradation factors and processes were discussed. The results showed that the degradation degree of the exposed S. psammophila sand barrier was mainly affected by moisture and ultraviolet radiation. Lignin was the main component and the source of photodegradation and photodiscoloration observed in the sand barrier. However, other polysaccharides, such as cellulose and hemicellulose, were less affected by photodegradation. The stress generated by alternating desorption-absorption was the main cause of the expansion and contraction, deformation, cracking, and warping observed in S. psammophila sand barrier. We also found a series of irreversible changes and losses that occurred, which affected the natural material properties of S. psammophila sand barrier exposed to atmospheric conditions for several years. Exposure times between 5 and 7 years were the most important turning point in time for determining the deterioration of the S. psammophila sand barrier. Our results highlighted the importance of the interactions between atmospheric factors and the exposed atmospheric sections of the S. psammophila sand barrier from the perspective of environmental effects. However, the exact mechanisms of the sand barrier deterioration still need further investigation. Nevertheless, our overall findings advanced the current understanding of the environmental effects of S. psammophila sand barrier for ecological restoration and desertification reversal, especially in stressful desert environments. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9024297/ /pubmed/35463390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.850391 Text en Copyright © 2022 Wang, Dang, Gao, Yang, Liang, Zhao and Duan. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Wang, Ruidong Dang, Xiaohong Gao, Yong Yang, Xia Liang, Yumei Zhao, Chen Duan, Xiaoting Natural Deterioration Processes of Salix psammophila Sand Barriers in Atmospheric Exposure Section |
title | Natural Deterioration Processes of Salix psammophila Sand Barriers in Atmospheric Exposure Section |
title_full | Natural Deterioration Processes of Salix psammophila Sand Barriers in Atmospheric Exposure Section |
title_fullStr | Natural Deterioration Processes of Salix psammophila Sand Barriers in Atmospheric Exposure Section |
title_full_unstemmed | Natural Deterioration Processes of Salix psammophila Sand Barriers in Atmospheric Exposure Section |
title_short | Natural Deterioration Processes of Salix psammophila Sand Barriers in Atmospheric Exposure Section |
title_sort | natural deterioration processes of salix psammophila sand barriers in atmospheric exposure section |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024297/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35463390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.850391 |
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