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Evaluation of Quality and Bone Microstructure Alterations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review

Bone fragility is a common complication in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, traditional techniques for the evaluation of bone fragility, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), do not perform well in this population. Moreover, the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) u...

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Autores principales: Martínez-Montoro, José Ignacio, García-Fontana, Beatriz, García-Fontana, Cristina, Muñoz-Torres, Manuel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024806/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456299
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082206
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author Martínez-Montoro, José Ignacio
García-Fontana, Beatriz
García-Fontana, Cristina
Muñoz-Torres, Manuel
author_facet Martínez-Montoro, José Ignacio
García-Fontana, Beatriz
García-Fontana, Cristina
Muñoz-Torres, Manuel
author_sort Martínez-Montoro, José Ignacio
collection PubMed
description Bone fragility is a common complication in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, traditional techniques for the evaluation of bone fragility, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), do not perform well in this population. Moreover, the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) usually underestimates fracture risk in T2DM. Importantly, novel technologies for the assessment of one microarchitecture in patients with T2DM, such as the trabecular bone score (TBS), high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), and microindentation, are emerging. Furthermore, different serum and urine bone biomarkers may also be useful for the evaluation of bone quality in T2DM. Hence, in this article, we summarize the limitations of conventional tools for the evaluation of bone fragility and review the current evidence on novel approaches for the assessment of quality and bone microstructure alterations in patients with T2DM.
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spelling pubmed-90248062022-04-23 Evaluation of Quality and Bone Microstructure Alterations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review Martínez-Montoro, José Ignacio García-Fontana, Beatriz García-Fontana, Cristina Muñoz-Torres, Manuel J Clin Med Review Bone fragility is a common complication in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, traditional techniques for the evaluation of bone fragility, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), do not perform well in this population. Moreover, the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) usually underestimates fracture risk in T2DM. Importantly, novel technologies for the assessment of one microarchitecture in patients with T2DM, such as the trabecular bone score (TBS), high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), and microindentation, are emerging. Furthermore, different serum and urine bone biomarkers may also be useful for the evaluation of bone quality in T2DM. Hence, in this article, we summarize the limitations of conventional tools for the evaluation of bone fragility and review the current evidence on novel approaches for the assessment of quality and bone microstructure alterations in patients with T2DM. MDPI 2022-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9024806/ /pubmed/35456299 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082206 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Martínez-Montoro, José Ignacio
García-Fontana, Beatriz
García-Fontana, Cristina
Muñoz-Torres, Manuel
Evaluation of Quality and Bone Microstructure Alterations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review
title Evaluation of Quality and Bone Microstructure Alterations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review
title_full Evaluation of Quality and Bone Microstructure Alterations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review
title_fullStr Evaluation of Quality and Bone Microstructure Alterations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of Quality and Bone Microstructure Alterations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review
title_short Evaluation of Quality and Bone Microstructure Alterations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review
title_sort evaluation of quality and bone microstructure alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes: a narrative review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9024806/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456299
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082206
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