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Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Active and Passive Safety Measures in Preventing Ship–Bridge Collision

The risk of ship–bridge collisions should be evaluated using advanced models to consider different anti-collision and bridge-protection measures. This study aimed to propose a method to evaluate the effectiveness of active and passive safety measures in preventing ship–bridge collision. A novel ship...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ma, Wenqing, Zhu, Yini, Grifoll, Manel, Liu, Guiyun, Zheng, Pengjun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9025040/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35458842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22082857
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author Ma, Wenqing
Zhu, Yini
Grifoll, Manel
Liu, Guiyun
Zheng, Pengjun
author_facet Ma, Wenqing
Zhu, Yini
Grifoll, Manel
Liu, Guiyun
Zheng, Pengjun
author_sort Ma, Wenqing
collection PubMed
description The risk of ship–bridge collisions should be evaluated using advanced models to consider different anti-collision and bridge-protection measures. This study aimed to propose a method to evaluate the effectiveness of active and passive safety measures in preventing ship–bridge collision. A novel ship–bridge collision probability formulation taking into consideration different safety measures was proposed. The model was applied at Jintang Bridge in China where the surrounding vessel traffic is ultra-crowded. We calculated the collision probability between the bridge and passing traffic using automatic identification system (AIS) data, Monte Carlo simulation, and Bayesian networks. Results under four different safety measures (i.e., active measures, passive measures, both measures and none) were analyzed and compared. The analysis concluded that both active and passive safety measures are effective in reducing the ship–bridge collision probability. Active measures, if deployed properly, can provide protection at an equivalent level than passive measures against collision risks. However, passive measures, such as setting arresting cables, are necessary in cases where the response time of the active measures is long. The proposed method and the results obtained from the case study may be useful for robust and systematic effectiveness evaluation of safety measures in other cases worldwide.
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spelling pubmed-90250402022-04-23 Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Active and Passive Safety Measures in Preventing Ship–Bridge Collision Ma, Wenqing Zhu, Yini Grifoll, Manel Liu, Guiyun Zheng, Pengjun Sensors (Basel) Article The risk of ship–bridge collisions should be evaluated using advanced models to consider different anti-collision and bridge-protection measures. This study aimed to propose a method to evaluate the effectiveness of active and passive safety measures in preventing ship–bridge collision. A novel ship–bridge collision probability formulation taking into consideration different safety measures was proposed. The model was applied at Jintang Bridge in China where the surrounding vessel traffic is ultra-crowded. We calculated the collision probability between the bridge and passing traffic using automatic identification system (AIS) data, Monte Carlo simulation, and Bayesian networks. Results under four different safety measures (i.e., active measures, passive measures, both measures and none) were analyzed and compared. The analysis concluded that both active and passive safety measures are effective in reducing the ship–bridge collision probability. Active measures, if deployed properly, can provide protection at an equivalent level than passive measures against collision risks. However, passive measures, such as setting arresting cables, are necessary in cases where the response time of the active measures is long. The proposed method and the results obtained from the case study may be useful for robust and systematic effectiveness evaluation of safety measures in other cases worldwide. MDPI 2022-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9025040/ /pubmed/35458842 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22082857 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ma, Wenqing
Zhu, Yini
Grifoll, Manel
Liu, Guiyun
Zheng, Pengjun
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Active and Passive Safety Measures in Preventing Ship–Bridge Collision
title Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Active and Passive Safety Measures in Preventing Ship–Bridge Collision
title_full Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Active and Passive Safety Measures in Preventing Ship–Bridge Collision
title_fullStr Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Active and Passive Safety Measures in Preventing Ship–Bridge Collision
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Active and Passive Safety Measures in Preventing Ship–Bridge Collision
title_short Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Active and Passive Safety Measures in Preventing Ship–Bridge Collision
title_sort evaluation of the effectiveness of active and passive safety measures in preventing ship–bridge collision
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9025040/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35458842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22082857
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