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Myocardial Infarction in Children after COVID-19 and Risk Factors for Thrombosis

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in children is rather anecdotic. However, following COVID-19, some conditions may develop which may favor thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and death. Such a condition is Kawasaki-like disease (K-lD). K-lD appears in children as a subgroup of the multisystem inflam...

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Autores principales: Cinteză, Eliza, Voicu, Cristiana, Filip, Cristina, Ioniță, Mihnea, Popescu, Monica, Bălgrădean, Mihaela, Nicolescu, Alin, Mahmoud, Hiyam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9025069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35453932
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12040884
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author Cinteză, Eliza
Voicu, Cristiana
Filip, Cristina
Ioniță, Mihnea
Popescu, Monica
Bălgrădean, Mihaela
Nicolescu, Alin
Mahmoud, Hiyam
author_facet Cinteză, Eliza
Voicu, Cristiana
Filip, Cristina
Ioniță, Mihnea
Popescu, Monica
Bălgrădean, Mihaela
Nicolescu, Alin
Mahmoud, Hiyam
author_sort Cinteză, Eliza
collection PubMed
description Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in children is rather anecdotic. However, following COVID-19, some conditions may develop which may favor thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and death. Such a condition is Kawasaki-like disease (K-lD). K-lD appears in children as a subgroup of the multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). In some cases, K-lD patients may develop giant coronary aneurysms. The evolution and characteristics of coronary aneurysms from K-lD appear to be different from classical Kawasaki disease (KD) aneurysms. Differences include a lower percentage of aneurysm formation than in non-COVID-19 KD, a smaller number of giant forms, a tendency towards aneurysm regression, and fewer thrombotic events associated with AMI. We present here a review of the literature on the thrombotic risks of post-COVID-19 coronary aneurysms, starting from a unique clinical case of a 2-year-old boy who developed multiple coronary aneurysms, followed by AMI. In dehydration conditions, 6 months after COVID-19, the boy developed anterior descending artery occlusion and a slow favorable outcome of the AMI after thrombolysis. This review establishes severity criteria and risk factors that predispose to thrombosis and AMI in post-COVID-19 patients. These may include dehydration, thrombophilia, congenital malformations, chronic inflammatory conditions, chronic kidney impairment, acute cardiac failure, and others. All these possible complications should be monitored during acute illness. Ischemic heart disease prevalence in children may increase in the post-COVID-19 era, due to an association between coronary aneurysm formation, thrombophilia, and other risk factors whose presence will make a difference in long-term prognosis.
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spelling pubmed-90250692022-04-23 Myocardial Infarction in Children after COVID-19 and Risk Factors for Thrombosis Cinteză, Eliza Voicu, Cristiana Filip, Cristina Ioniță, Mihnea Popescu, Monica Bălgrădean, Mihaela Nicolescu, Alin Mahmoud, Hiyam Diagnostics (Basel) Case Report Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in children is rather anecdotic. However, following COVID-19, some conditions may develop which may favor thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and death. Such a condition is Kawasaki-like disease (K-lD). K-lD appears in children as a subgroup of the multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). In some cases, K-lD patients may develop giant coronary aneurysms. The evolution and characteristics of coronary aneurysms from K-lD appear to be different from classical Kawasaki disease (KD) aneurysms. Differences include a lower percentage of aneurysm formation than in non-COVID-19 KD, a smaller number of giant forms, a tendency towards aneurysm regression, and fewer thrombotic events associated with AMI. We present here a review of the literature on the thrombotic risks of post-COVID-19 coronary aneurysms, starting from a unique clinical case of a 2-year-old boy who developed multiple coronary aneurysms, followed by AMI. In dehydration conditions, 6 months after COVID-19, the boy developed anterior descending artery occlusion and a slow favorable outcome of the AMI after thrombolysis. This review establishes severity criteria and risk factors that predispose to thrombosis and AMI in post-COVID-19 patients. These may include dehydration, thrombophilia, congenital malformations, chronic inflammatory conditions, chronic kidney impairment, acute cardiac failure, and others. All these possible complications should be monitored during acute illness. Ischemic heart disease prevalence in children may increase in the post-COVID-19 era, due to an association between coronary aneurysm formation, thrombophilia, and other risk factors whose presence will make a difference in long-term prognosis. MDPI 2022-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9025069/ /pubmed/35453932 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12040884 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Cinteză, Eliza
Voicu, Cristiana
Filip, Cristina
Ioniță, Mihnea
Popescu, Monica
Bălgrădean, Mihaela
Nicolescu, Alin
Mahmoud, Hiyam
Myocardial Infarction in Children after COVID-19 and Risk Factors for Thrombosis
title Myocardial Infarction in Children after COVID-19 and Risk Factors for Thrombosis
title_full Myocardial Infarction in Children after COVID-19 and Risk Factors for Thrombosis
title_fullStr Myocardial Infarction in Children after COVID-19 and Risk Factors for Thrombosis
title_full_unstemmed Myocardial Infarction in Children after COVID-19 and Risk Factors for Thrombosis
title_short Myocardial Infarction in Children after COVID-19 and Risk Factors for Thrombosis
title_sort myocardial infarction in children after covid-19 and risk factors for thrombosis
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9025069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35453932
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12040884
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