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The Association of the Gut Microbiota with Clinical Features in Schizophrenia
The connection between gut microbiota and schizophrenia has become a fertile area of research. The relationship is bidirectional and quite complex, but is likely to lead to practical clinical applications. For example, commensal microbiota have been shown to produce inflammatory metabolites that can...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9025473/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35447661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12040089 |
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author | Nocera, Annamarie Nasrallah, Henry A. |
author_facet | Nocera, Annamarie Nasrallah, Henry A. |
author_sort | Nocera, Annamarie |
collection | PubMed |
description | The connection between gut microbiota and schizophrenia has become a fertile area of research. The relationship is bidirectional and quite complex, but is likely to lead to practical clinical applications. For example, commensal microbiota have been shown to produce inflammatory metabolites that can cross the blood–brain barrier—a possible neurobiological precursor of psychosis. Antipsychotics that treat these individuals have been shown to alter gut microbiota. On the other hand, life style in schizophrenia, such as diet and decreased exercise, can be disruptive to the normal microbiome diversity. In the present paper, we conduct a review of PubMed literature focusing on the relationship of gut microbiota with clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, which, to our knowledge, has not yet been reviewed. Numerous clinical characteristics were identified correlating to gut microbial changes, such as violence, negative symptoms, treatment resistance, and global functioning. The most consistently demonstrated correlations to gut microbial changes across studies were for the overall symptom severity and negative symptom severity. Although numerous studies found changes in these domains, there is much variability between the bacteria that change in abundance between studies, likely due to the regional and methodological differences between studies. The current literature shows promising correlations between gut microbiota profiles and several clinical features of schizophrenia, but initial studies require replication. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9025473 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90254732022-04-23 The Association of the Gut Microbiota with Clinical Features in Schizophrenia Nocera, Annamarie Nasrallah, Henry A. Behav Sci (Basel) Review The connection between gut microbiota and schizophrenia has become a fertile area of research. The relationship is bidirectional and quite complex, but is likely to lead to practical clinical applications. For example, commensal microbiota have been shown to produce inflammatory metabolites that can cross the blood–brain barrier—a possible neurobiological precursor of psychosis. Antipsychotics that treat these individuals have been shown to alter gut microbiota. On the other hand, life style in schizophrenia, such as diet and decreased exercise, can be disruptive to the normal microbiome diversity. In the present paper, we conduct a review of PubMed literature focusing on the relationship of gut microbiota with clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, which, to our knowledge, has not yet been reviewed. Numerous clinical characteristics were identified correlating to gut microbial changes, such as violence, negative symptoms, treatment resistance, and global functioning. The most consistently demonstrated correlations to gut microbial changes across studies were for the overall symptom severity and negative symptom severity. Although numerous studies found changes in these domains, there is much variability between the bacteria that change in abundance between studies, likely due to the regional and methodological differences between studies. The current literature shows promising correlations between gut microbiota profiles and several clinical features of schizophrenia, but initial studies require replication. MDPI 2022-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9025473/ /pubmed/35447661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12040089 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Nocera, Annamarie Nasrallah, Henry A. The Association of the Gut Microbiota with Clinical Features in Schizophrenia |
title | The Association of the Gut Microbiota with Clinical Features in Schizophrenia |
title_full | The Association of the Gut Microbiota with Clinical Features in Schizophrenia |
title_fullStr | The Association of the Gut Microbiota with Clinical Features in Schizophrenia |
title_full_unstemmed | The Association of the Gut Microbiota with Clinical Features in Schizophrenia |
title_short | The Association of the Gut Microbiota with Clinical Features in Schizophrenia |
title_sort | association of the gut microbiota with clinical features in schizophrenia |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9025473/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35447661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12040089 |
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