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Molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic cell divisions in Volvox carteri
Cell division is fundamental to all organisms and the green alga used here exhibits both key animal and plant functions. Specifically, we analyzed the molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic divisions of the multicellular green alga Volvox carteri (Chlamydomonadales). Relevant proteins re...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9026201/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35018470 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koac004 |
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author | von der Heyde, Eva Laura Hallmann, Armin |
author_facet | von der Heyde, Eva Laura Hallmann, Armin |
author_sort | von der Heyde, Eva Laura |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cell division is fundamental to all organisms and the green alga used here exhibits both key animal and plant functions. Specifically, we analyzed the molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic divisions of the multicellular green alga Volvox carteri (Chlamydomonadales). Relevant proteins related to mitosis and cytokinesis were identified in silico, the corresponding genes were cloned, fused to yfp, and stably expressed in Volvox, and the tagged proteins were studied by live-cell imaging. We reveal rearrangements of the microtubule cytoskeleton during centrosome separation, spindle formation, establishment of the phycoplast, and generation of previously unknown structures. The centrosomes participate in initiation of spindle formation and determination of spindle orientation. Although the nuclear envelope does not break down during early mitosis, intermixing of cytoplasm and nucleoplasm results in loss of nuclear identity. Finally, we present a model for mitosis in Volvox. Our study reveals enormous dynamics, clarifies spatio-temporal relationships of subcellular structures, and provides insight into the evolution of cell division. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9026201 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90262012022-04-25 Molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic cell divisions in Volvox carteri von der Heyde, Eva Laura Hallmann, Armin Plant Cell Research Articles Cell division is fundamental to all organisms and the green alga used here exhibits both key animal and plant functions. Specifically, we analyzed the molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic divisions of the multicellular green alga Volvox carteri (Chlamydomonadales). Relevant proteins related to mitosis and cytokinesis were identified in silico, the corresponding genes were cloned, fused to yfp, and stably expressed in Volvox, and the tagged proteins were studied by live-cell imaging. We reveal rearrangements of the microtubule cytoskeleton during centrosome separation, spindle formation, establishment of the phycoplast, and generation of previously unknown structures. The centrosomes participate in initiation of spindle formation and determination of spindle orientation. Although the nuclear envelope does not break down during early mitosis, intermixing of cytoplasm and nucleoplasm results in loss of nuclear identity. Finally, we present a model for mitosis in Volvox. Our study reveals enormous dynamics, clarifies spatio-temporal relationships of subcellular structures, and provides insight into the evolution of cell division. Oxford University Press 2022-01-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9026201/ /pubmed/35018470 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koac004 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Society of Plant Biologists. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles von der Heyde, Eva Laura Hallmann, Armin Molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic cell divisions in Volvox carteri |
title | Molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic cell divisions in Volvox carteri |
title_full | Molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic cell divisions in Volvox carteri |
title_fullStr | Molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic cell divisions in Volvox carteri |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic cell divisions in Volvox carteri |
title_short | Molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic cell divisions in Volvox carteri |
title_sort | molecular and cellular dynamics of early embryonic cell divisions in volvox carteri |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9026201/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35018470 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koac004 |
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