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Allelopathy in Durum Wheat Landraces as Affected by Genotype and Plant Part

Durum wheat is one of the largest cultivated crops across Mediterranean areas. The high demand for sustainable crop productions, especially concerning weed management, is driving the return to local landraces. In the present work, the in vitro allelopathic effects of the extracts of three durum whea...

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Autores principales: Scavo, Aurelio, Pandino, Gaetano, Restuccia, Alessia, Caruso, Paolo, Lombardo, Sara, Mauromicale, Giovanni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9026900/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35448748
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11081021
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author Scavo, Aurelio
Pandino, Gaetano
Restuccia, Alessia
Caruso, Paolo
Lombardo, Sara
Mauromicale, Giovanni
author_facet Scavo, Aurelio
Pandino, Gaetano
Restuccia, Alessia
Caruso, Paolo
Lombardo, Sara
Mauromicale, Giovanni
author_sort Scavo, Aurelio
collection PubMed
description Durum wheat is one of the largest cultivated crops across Mediterranean areas. The high demand for sustainable crop productions, especially concerning weed management, is driving the return to local landraces. In the present work, the in vitro allelopathic effects of the extracts of three durum wheat landraces (‘Timilia’, ‘Russello’ and ‘Perciasacchi’) and a modern variety (‘Mongibello’), obtained from three different plant parts (ears, stems and roots), were tested on seed germination (G) and mean germination time (MGT) of Portulaca oleracea L. and Stellaria. media (L.) Vill., two weeds commonly infesting wheat fields. In addition, the total polyphenol (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) content of extracts was determined. All extracts reduced G and increased MGT in both weeds compared to the control. The magnitude of phytotoxicity was strongly affected by the influence of genotype, plant part and extract dilution. Overall, the landraces ‘Timilia’ and ‘Russello’ showed the highest allelopathic effects, ear extracts were the most active, and the maximum extract dilution induced higher phytotoxicity. Extracts’ TPC and TFC corroborated these results. The findings obtained here encourage the use of local landraces as a source of allelochemicals and suggest that they could be left on soil surface or soil-incorporated after harvest for a possible weed control.
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spelling pubmed-90269002022-04-23 Allelopathy in Durum Wheat Landraces as Affected by Genotype and Plant Part Scavo, Aurelio Pandino, Gaetano Restuccia, Alessia Caruso, Paolo Lombardo, Sara Mauromicale, Giovanni Plants (Basel) Article Durum wheat is one of the largest cultivated crops across Mediterranean areas. The high demand for sustainable crop productions, especially concerning weed management, is driving the return to local landraces. In the present work, the in vitro allelopathic effects of the extracts of three durum wheat landraces (‘Timilia’, ‘Russello’ and ‘Perciasacchi’) and a modern variety (‘Mongibello’), obtained from three different plant parts (ears, stems and roots), were tested on seed germination (G) and mean germination time (MGT) of Portulaca oleracea L. and Stellaria. media (L.) Vill., two weeds commonly infesting wheat fields. In addition, the total polyphenol (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) content of extracts was determined. All extracts reduced G and increased MGT in both weeds compared to the control. The magnitude of phytotoxicity was strongly affected by the influence of genotype, plant part and extract dilution. Overall, the landraces ‘Timilia’ and ‘Russello’ showed the highest allelopathic effects, ear extracts were the most active, and the maximum extract dilution induced higher phytotoxicity. Extracts’ TPC and TFC corroborated these results. The findings obtained here encourage the use of local landraces as a source of allelochemicals and suggest that they could be left on soil surface or soil-incorporated after harvest for a possible weed control. MDPI 2022-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9026900/ /pubmed/35448748 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11081021 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Scavo, Aurelio
Pandino, Gaetano
Restuccia, Alessia
Caruso, Paolo
Lombardo, Sara
Mauromicale, Giovanni
Allelopathy in Durum Wheat Landraces as Affected by Genotype and Plant Part
title Allelopathy in Durum Wheat Landraces as Affected by Genotype and Plant Part
title_full Allelopathy in Durum Wheat Landraces as Affected by Genotype and Plant Part
title_fullStr Allelopathy in Durum Wheat Landraces as Affected by Genotype and Plant Part
title_full_unstemmed Allelopathy in Durum Wheat Landraces as Affected by Genotype and Plant Part
title_short Allelopathy in Durum Wheat Landraces as Affected by Genotype and Plant Part
title_sort allelopathy in durum wheat landraces as affected by genotype and plant part
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9026900/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35448748
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11081021
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