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CGP17Pat: Automated Schizophrenia Detection Based on a Cyclic Group of Prime Order Patterns Using EEG Signals

Background and Purpose: Machine learning models have been used to diagnose schizophrenia. The main purpose of this research is to introduce an effective schizophrenia hand-modeled classification method. Method: A public electroencephalogram (EEG) signal data set was used in this work, and an automat...

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Autores principales: Aydemir, Emrah, Dogan, Sengul, Baygin, Mehmet, Ooi, Chui Ping, Barua, Prabal Datta, Tuncer, Turker, Acharya, U. Rajendra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9027158/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35455821
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040643
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author Aydemir, Emrah
Dogan, Sengul
Baygin, Mehmet
Ooi, Chui Ping
Barua, Prabal Datta
Tuncer, Turker
Acharya, U. Rajendra
author_facet Aydemir, Emrah
Dogan, Sengul
Baygin, Mehmet
Ooi, Chui Ping
Barua, Prabal Datta
Tuncer, Turker
Acharya, U. Rajendra
author_sort Aydemir, Emrah
collection PubMed
description Background and Purpose: Machine learning models have been used to diagnose schizophrenia. The main purpose of this research is to introduce an effective schizophrenia hand-modeled classification method. Method: A public electroencephalogram (EEG) signal data set was used in this work, and an automated schizophrenia detection model is presented using a cyclic group of prime order with a modulo 17 operator. Therefore, the presented feature extractor was named as the cyclic group of prime order pattern, CGP17Pat. Using the proposed CGP17Pat, a new multilevel feature extraction model is presented. To choose a highly distinctive feature, iterative neighborhood component analysis (INCA) was used, and these features were classified using k-nearest neighbors (kNN) with the 10-fold cross-validation and leave-one-subject-out (LOSO) validation techniques. Finally, iterative hard majority voting was employed in the last phase to obtain channel-wise results, and the general results were calculated. Results: The presented CGP17Pat-based EEG classification model attained 99.91% accuracy employing 10-fold cross-validation and 84.33% accuracy using the LOSO strategy. Conclusions: The findings and results depicted the high classification ability of the presented cryptologic pattern for the data set used.
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spelling pubmed-90271582022-04-23 CGP17Pat: Automated Schizophrenia Detection Based on a Cyclic Group of Prime Order Patterns Using EEG Signals Aydemir, Emrah Dogan, Sengul Baygin, Mehmet Ooi, Chui Ping Barua, Prabal Datta Tuncer, Turker Acharya, U. Rajendra Healthcare (Basel) Article Background and Purpose: Machine learning models have been used to diagnose schizophrenia. The main purpose of this research is to introduce an effective schizophrenia hand-modeled classification method. Method: A public electroencephalogram (EEG) signal data set was used in this work, and an automated schizophrenia detection model is presented using a cyclic group of prime order with a modulo 17 operator. Therefore, the presented feature extractor was named as the cyclic group of prime order pattern, CGP17Pat. Using the proposed CGP17Pat, a new multilevel feature extraction model is presented. To choose a highly distinctive feature, iterative neighborhood component analysis (INCA) was used, and these features were classified using k-nearest neighbors (kNN) with the 10-fold cross-validation and leave-one-subject-out (LOSO) validation techniques. Finally, iterative hard majority voting was employed in the last phase to obtain channel-wise results, and the general results were calculated. Results: The presented CGP17Pat-based EEG classification model attained 99.91% accuracy employing 10-fold cross-validation and 84.33% accuracy using the LOSO strategy. Conclusions: The findings and results depicted the high classification ability of the presented cryptologic pattern for the data set used. MDPI 2022-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9027158/ /pubmed/35455821 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040643 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Aydemir, Emrah
Dogan, Sengul
Baygin, Mehmet
Ooi, Chui Ping
Barua, Prabal Datta
Tuncer, Turker
Acharya, U. Rajendra
CGP17Pat: Automated Schizophrenia Detection Based on a Cyclic Group of Prime Order Patterns Using EEG Signals
title CGP17Pat: Automated Schizophrenia Detection Based on a Cyclic Group of Prime Order Patterns Using EEG Signals
title_full CGP17Pat: Automated Schizophrenia Detection Based on a Cyclic Group of Prime Order Patterns Using EEG Signals
title_fullStr CGP17Pat: Automated Schizophrenia Detection Based on a Cyclic Group of Prime Order Patterns Using EEG Signals
title_full_unstemmed CGP17Pat: Automated Schizophrenia Detection Based on a Cyclic Group of Prime Order Patterns Using EEG Signals
title_short CGP17Pat: Automated Schizophrenia Detection Based on a Cyclic Group of Prime Order Patterns Using EEG Signals
title_sort cgp17pat: automated schizophrenia detection based on a cyclic group of prime order patterns using eeg signals
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9027158/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35455821
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040643
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