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Pyoluteorin Produced by the Biocontrol Agent Pseudomonas protegens Is Involved in the Inhibition of Heterobasidion Species Present in Europe

Pseudomonas protegens (strain DSMZ 13134) is a biocontrol agent with promising antagonistic activity hinging on antibiosis against the fungal forest pathogens Heterobasidion spp. Here, by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS), we assessed whether monocul...

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Autores principales: Pellicciaro, Martina, Padoan, Elio, Lione, Guglielmo, Celi, Luisella, Gonthier, Paolo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9027871/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456066
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11040391
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author Pellicciaro, Martina
Padoan, Elio
Lione, Guglielmo
Celi, Luisella
Gonthier, Paolo
author_facet Pellicciaro, Martina
Padoan, Elio
Lione, Guglielmo
Celi, Luisella
Gonthier, Paolo
author_sort Pellicciaro, Martina
collection PubMed
description Pseudomonas protegens (strain DSMZ 13134) is a biocontrol agent with promising antagonistic activity hinging on antibiosis against the fungal forest pathogens Heterobasidion spp. Here, by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS), we assessed whether monocultures of P. protegens (strain DSMZ 13134) produce the three major determinants of biocontrol activity known for the genus Pseudomonas: 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG), pyoluteorin (PLT), and pyrrolnitrin (PRN). At the tested culture conditions, we observed the production of PLT at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10.21 mg/L and 2,4-DAPG at a concentration not exceeding 0.5 mg/L. Variations of culture conditions involving culture medium, incubation temperature, and incubation period had no consistent influence on PLT production by the bacterium. Assays using culture medium amended with PLT at the same concentration of that present in cell-free filtrate of the bacterium, i.e., 3.77 mg/L, previously documented as effective against Heterobasidion spp., showed a remarkable activity of PLT against genotypes of all the four Heterobasidion species present in Europe, including the non-native invasive H. irregulare. However, such antifungal activity decreased over time, and this may be a constraint for using this molecule as a pesticide against Heterobasidion spp. When the bacterium was co-cultured in liquid medium with genotypes of the different Heterobasidion species, an increased production of PLT was observed at 4 °C, suggesting the bacterium may perform better as a PLT producer in field applications under similar environmental conditions, i.e., at low temperatures. Our results demonstrated the role of PLT in the inhibition of Heterobasidion spp., although all lines of evidence suggest that antibiosis does not rely on a single constitutively produced metabolite, but rather on a plethora of secondary metabolites. Findings presented in this study will help to optimize treatments based on Pseudomonas protegens (strain DSMZ 13134) against Heterobasidion spp.
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spelling pubmed-90278712022-04-23 Pyoluteorin Produced by the Biocontrol Agent Pseudomonas protegens Is Involved in the Inhibition of Heterobasidion Species Present in Europe Pellicciaro, Martina Padoan, Elio Lione, Guglielmo Celi, Luisella Gonthier, Paolo Pathogens Article Pseudomonas protegens (strain DSMZ 13134) is a biocontrol agent with promising antagonistic activity hinging on antibiosis against the fungal forest pathogens Heterobasidion spp. Here, by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS), we assessed whether monocultures of P. protegens (strain DSMZ 13134) produce the three major determinants of biocontrol activity known for the genus Pseudomonas: 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG), pyoluteorin (PLT), and pyrrolnitrin (PRN). At the tested culture conditions, we observed the production of PLT at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10.21 mg/L and 2,4-DAPG at a concentration not exceeding 0.5 mg/L. Variations of culture conditions involving culture medium, incubation temperature, and incubation period had no consistent influence on PLT production by the bacterium. Assays using culture medium amended with PLT at the same concentration of that present in cell-free filtrate of the bacterium, i.e., 3.77 mg/L, previously documented as effective against Heterobasidion spp., showed a remarkable activity of PLT against genotypes of all the four Heterobasidion species present in Europe, including the non-native invasive H. irregulare. However, such antifungal activity decreased over time, and this may be a constraint for using this molecule as a pesticide against Heterobasidion spp. When the bacterium was co-cultured in liquid medium with genotypes of the different Heterobasidion species, an increased production of PLT was observed at 4 °C, suggesting the bacterium may perform better as a PLT producer in field applications under similar environmental conditions, i.e., at low temperatures. Our results demonstrated the role of PLT in the inhibition of Heterobasidion spp., although all lines of evidence suggest that antibiosis does not rely on a single constitutively produced metabolite, but rather on a plethora of secondary metabolites. Findings presented in this study will help to optimize treatments based on Pseudomonas protegens (strain DSMZ 13134) against Heterobasidion spp. MDPI 2022-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9027871/ /pubmed/35456066 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11040391 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Pellicciaro, Martina
Padoan, Elio
Lione, Guglielmo
Celi, Luisella
Gonthier, Paolo
Pyoluteorin Produced by the Biocontrol Agent Pseudomonas protegens Is Involved in the Inhibition of Heterobasidion Species Present in Europe
title Pyoluteorin Produced by the Biocontrol Agent Pseudomonas protegens Is Involved in the Inhibition of Heterobasidion Species Present in Europe
title_full Pyoluteorin Produced by the Biocontrol Agent Pseudomonas protegens Is Involved in the Inhibition of Heterobasidion Species Present in Europe
title_fullStr Pyoluteorin Produced by the Biocontrol Agent Pseudomonas protegens Is Involved in the Inhibition of Heterobasidion Species Present in Europe
title_full_unstemmed Pyoluteorin Produced by the Biocontrol Agent Pseudomonas protegens Is Involved in the Inhibition of Heterobasidion Species Present in Europe
title_short Pyoluteorin Produced by the Biocontrol Agent Pseudomonas protegens Is Involved in the Inhibition of Heterobasidion Species Present in Europe
title_sort pyoluteorin produced by the biocontrol agent pseudomonas protegens is involved in the inhibition of heterobasidion species present in europe
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9027871/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456066
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11040391
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