Optimal surgical timing and approach for tibial plateau fracture

BACKGROUND: Tibial plateau fracture is a common fracture encountered in the clinic. OBJECTIVE: This study determined the optimal timing and surgical approach for patients with tibial plateau fracture. METHODS: Fifty-two patients with complex tibial plateau fractures were treated in our hospital (the People’s Hospital of Zhongjiang County) between 2013 and 2015. These patients were recruited as participants in this study; all patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 26 patients each. Patients in Group 1 underwent single-incision, single-plate knee surgeries via an antero-lateral approach, and patients in Group 2 underwent anterior median incisions of the knee for double-plate surgeries. The effects of the approaches were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: The best time to perform surgery was 6–8 days post-injury. The anterior median incision, double-plate method approach was better than the antero-lateral, single-incision, single-plate method. For the former method, the healing among middle-aged and young patients was better than that of elderly patients, and that healing of men was slightly better than that of female patients. However, the degree of healing among patients was [Formula: see text] 80% at 5 months postoperatively. The purpose of surgical management has been fully achieved. CONCLUSION: The optimal timing of surgery for patients with complex tibial plateau fractures is 6–8 days post-injury. The surgical approach needs to be determined based on the actual condition of the patient. However, the treatment effect of an anterior median incision, double-plate method is better, and the recovery rate may approach 80% at 5 months postoperatively.