Cargando…

A Comparison of Heart Pulsations Provided by Forcecardiography and Double Integration of Seismocardiogram

Seismocardiography (SCG) is largely regarded as the state-of-the-art technique for continuous, long-term monitoring of cardiac mechanical activity in wearable applications. SCG signals are acquired via small, lightweight accelerometers fixed on the chest. They provide timings of important cardiac ev...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Andreozzi, Emilio, Centracchio, Jessica, Esposito, Daniele, Bifulco, Paolo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9029002/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35447727
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9040167
_version_ 1784691768535547904
author Andreozzi, Emilio
Centracchio, Jessica
Esposito, Daniele
Bifulco, Paolo
author_facet Andreozzi, Emilio
Centracchio, Jessica
Esposito, Daniele
Bifulco, Paolo
author_sort Andreozzi, Emilio
collection PubMed
description Seismocardiography (SCG) is largely regarded as the state-of-the-art technique for continuous, long-term monitoring of cardiac mechanical activity in wearable applications. SCG signals are acquired via small, lightweight accelerometers fixed on the chest. They provide timings of important cardiac events, such as heart valves openings and closures, thus allowing the estimation of cardiac time intervals of clinical relevance. Forcecardiography (FCG) is a novel technique that records the cardiac-induced vibrations of the chest wall by means of specific force sensors, which proved capable of monitoring respiration, heart sounds and infrasonic cardiac vibrations, simultaneously from a single contact point on the chest. A specific infrasonic component captures the heart walls displacements and looks very similar to the Apexcardiogram. This low-frequency component is not visible in SCG recordings, nor it can be extracted by simple filtering. In this study, a feasible way to extract this information from SCG signals is presented. The proposed approach is based on double integration of SCG. Numerical double integration is usually very prone to large errors, therefore a specific numerical procedure was devised. This procedure yields a new displacement signal (DSCG) that features a low-frequency component (LF-DSCG) very similar to that of the FCG (LF-FCG). Experimental tests were carried out using an FCG sensor and an off-the-shelf accelerometer firmly attached to each other and placed onto the precordial region. Simultaneous recordings were acquired from both sensors, together with an electrocardiogram lead (used as a reference). Quantitative morphological comparison confirmed the high similarity between LF-FCG and LF-DSCG (normalized cross-correlation index >0.9). Statistical analyses suggested that LF-DSCG, although achieving a fair sensitivity in heartbeat detection (about 90%), has not a very high consistency within the cardiac cycle, leading to inaccuracies in inter-beat intervals estimation. Future experiments with high-performance accelerometers and improved processing methods are envisioned to investigate the potential enhancement of the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9029002
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-90290022022-04-23 A Comparison of Heart Pulsations Provided by Forcecardiography and Double Integration of Seismocardiogram Andreozzi, Emilio Centracchio, Jessica Esposito, Daniele Bifulco, Paolo Bioengineering (Basel) Article Seismocardiography (SCG) is largely regarded as the state-of-the-art technique for continuous, long-term monitoring of cardiac mechanical activity in wearable applications. SCG signals are acquired via small, lightweight accelerometers fixed on the chest. They provide timings of important cardiac events, such as heart valves openings and closures, thus allowing the estimation of cardiac time intervals of clinical relevance. Forcecardiography (FCG) is a novel technique that records the cardiac-induced vibrations of the chest wall by means of specific force sensors, which proved capable of monitoring respiration, heart sounds and infrasonic cardiac vibrations, simultaneously from a single contact point on the chest. A specific infrasonic component captures the heart walls displacements and looks very similar to the Apexcardiogram. This low-frequency component is not visible in SCG recordings, nor it can be extracted by simple filtering. In this study, a feasible way to extract this information from SCG signals is presented. The proposed approach is based on double integration of SCG. Numerical double integration is usually very prone to large errors, therefore a specific numerical procedure was devised. This procedure yields a new displacement signal (DSCG) that features a low-frequency component (LF-DSCG) very similar to that of the FCG (LF-FCG). Experimental tests were carried out using an FCG sensor and an off-the-shelf accelerometer firmly attached to each other and placed onto the precordial region. Simultaneous recordings were acquired from both sensors, together with an electrocardiogram lead (used as a reference). Quantitative morphological comparison confirmed the high similarity between LF-FCG and LF-DSCG (normalized cross-correlation index >0.9). Statistical analyses suggested that LF-DSCG, although achieving a fair sensitivity in heartbeat detection (about 90%), has not a very high consistency within the cardiac cycle, leading to inaccuracies in inter-beat intervals estimation. Future experiments with high-performance accelerometers and improved processing methods are envisioned to investigate the potential enhancement of the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method. MDPI 2022-04-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9029002/ /pubmed/35447727 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9040167 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Andreozzi, Emilio
Centracchio, Jessica
Esposito, Daniele
Bifulco, Paolo
A Comparison of Heart Pulsations Provided by Forcecardiography and Double Integration of Seismocardiogram
title A Comparison of Heart Pulsations Provided by Forcecardiography and Double Integration of Seismocardiogram
title_full A Comparison of Heart Pulsations Provided by Forcecardiography and Double Integration of Seismocardiogram
title_fullStr A Comparison of Heart Pulsations Provided by Forcecardiography and Double Integration of Seismocardiogram
title_full_unstemmed A Comparison of Heart Pulsations Provided by Forcecardiography and Double Integration of Seismocardiogram
title_short A Comparison of Heart Pulsations Provided by Forcecardiography and Double Integration of Seismocardiogram
title_sort comparison of heart pulsations provided by forcecardiography and double integration of seismocardiogram
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9029002/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35447727
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9040167
work_keys_str_mv AT andreozziemilio acomparisonofheartpulsationsprovidedbyforcecardiographyanddoubleintegrationofseismocardiogram
AT centracchiojessica acomparisonofheartpulsationsprovidedbyforcecardiographyanddoubleintegrationofseismocardiogram
AT espositodaniele acomparisonofheartpulsationsprovidedbyforcecardiographyanddoubleintegrationofseismocardiogram
AT bifulcopaolo acomparisonofheartpulsationsprovidedbyforcecardiographyanddoubleintegrationofseismocardiogram
AT andreozziemilio comparisonofheartpulsationsprovidedbyforcecardiographyanddoubleintegrationofseismocardiogram
AT centracchiojessica comparisonofheartpulsationsprovidedbyforcecardiographyanddoubleintegrationofseismocardiogram
AT espositodaniele comparisonofheartpulsationsprovidedbyforcecardiographyanddoubleintegrationofseismocardiogram
AT bifulcopaolo comparisonofheartpulsationsprovidedbyforcecardiographyanddoubleintegrationofseismocardiogram