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Incidence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study in Belgium
The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections. We included all persons ≥18 years that had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19 for ≥14 days, between 1 February 2021 and 5 December 2021, in Belgium. The inciden...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9029338/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35458532 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14040802 |
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author | Stouten, Veerle Hubin, Pierre Haarhuis, Freek van Loenhout, Joris A. F. Billuart, Matthieu Brondeel, Ruben Braeye, Toon Van Oyen, Herman Wyndham-Thomas, Chloé Catteau, Lucy |
author_facet | Stouten, Veerle Hubin, Pierre Haarhuis, Freek van Loenhout, Joris A. F. Billuart, Matthieu Brondeel, Ruben Braeye, Toon Van Oyen, Herman Wyndham-Thomas, Chloé Catteau, Lucy |
author_sort | Stouten, Veerle |
collection | PubMed |
description | The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections. We included all persons ≥18 years that had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19 for ≥14 days, between 1 February 2021 and 5 December 2021, in Belgium. The incidence of breakthrough infections (laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infections) was determined. Factors associated with breakthrough infections were analyzed using COX proportional hazard models. Among 8,062,600 fully vaccinated adults, we identified 373,070 breakthrough infections with an incidence of 11.2 (95%CI 11.2–11.3)/100 person years. Vaccination with Ad26.COV2.S (HR1.54, 95%CI 1.52–1.56) or ChAdOx1 (HR1.68, 95%CI 1.66–1.69) was associated with a higher risk of a breakthrough infection compared to BNT162b2, while mRNA-1273 was associated with a lower risk (HR0.68, 95%CI 0.67–0.69). A prior COVID-19-infection was protective against a breakthrough infection (HR0.23, 95%CI 0.23–0.24), as was an mRNA booster (HR0.44, 95%CI 0.43–0.45). During a breakthrough infection, those who had a prior COVID-19 infection were less likely to have COVID-19 symptoms of almost all types than naïve persons. We identified risk factors associated with breakthrough infections, such as vaccination with adenoviral-vector vaccines, which could help inform future decisions on booster vaccination strategies. A prior COVID-19 infection lowered the risk of breakthrough infections and of having symptoms, highlighting the protective effect of hybrid immunity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9029338 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90293382022-04-23 Incidence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study in Belgium Stouten, Veerle Hubin, Pierre Haarhuis, Freek van Loenhout, Joris A. F. Billuart, Matthieu Brondeel, Ruben Braeye, Toon Van Oyen, Herman Wyndham-Thomas, Chloé Catteau, Lucy Viruses Article The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections. We included all persons ≥18 years that had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19 for ≥14 days, between 1 February 2021 and 5 December 2021, in Belgium. The incidence of breakthrough infections (laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infections) was determined. Factors associated with breakthrough infections were analyzed using COX proportional hazard models. Among 8,062,600 fully vaccinated adults, we identified 373,070 breakthrough infections with an incidence of 11.2 (95%CI 11.2–11.3)/100 person years. Vaccination with Ad26.COV2.S (HR1.54, 95%CI 1.52–1.56) or ChAdOx1 (HR1.68, 95%CI 1.66–1.69) was associated with a higher risk of a breakthrough infection compared to BNT162b2, while mRNA-1273 was associated with a lower risk (HR0.68, 95%CI 0.67–0.69). A prior COVID-19-infection was protective against a breakthrough infection (HR0.23, 95%CI 0.23–0.24), as was an mRNA booster (HR0.44, 95%CI 0.43–0.45). During a breakthrough infection, those who had a prior COVID-19 infection were less likely to have COVID-19 symptoms of almost all types than naïve persons. We identified risk factors associated with breakthrough infections, such as vaccination with adenoviral-vector vaccines, which could help inform future decisions on booster vaccination strategies. A prior COVID-19 infection lowered the risk of breakthrough infections and of having symptoms, highlighting the protective effect of hybrid immunity. MDPI 2022-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9029338/ /pubmed/35458532 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14040802 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Stouten, Veerle Hubin, Pierre Haarhuis, Freek van Loenhout, Joris A. F. Billuart, Matthieu Brondeel, Ruben Braeye, Toon Van Oyen, Herman Wyndham-Thomas, Chloé Catteau, Lucy Incidence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study in Belgium |
title | Incidence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study in Belgium |
title_full | Incidence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study in Belgium |
title_fullStr | Incidence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study in Belgium |
title_full_unstemmed | Incidence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study in Belgium |
title_short | Incidence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study in Belgium |
title_sort | incidence and risk factors of covid-19 vaccine breakthrough infections: a prospective cohort study in belgium |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9029338/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35458532 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14040802 |
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