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Experience of Isavuconazole as a Salvage Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Fungal Disease
Background: Instances of resistant fungal infection are rising in pulmonary disease, with limited therapeutic options. Therapeutic drug monitoring of azole antifungals has been necessary to ensure safety and efficacy but is considered unnecessary for the newest triazole isavuconazole. Aims: To chara...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9029347/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35448593 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8040362 |
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author | Nwankwo, Lisa Gilmartin, Desmond Matharu, Sheila Nuh, Ali Donovan, Jackie Armstrong-James, Darius Shah, Anand |
author_facet | Nwankwo, Lisa Gilmartin, Desmond Matharu, Sheila Nuh, Ali Donovan, Jackie Armstrong-James, Darius Shah, Anand |
author_sort | Nwankwo, Lisa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Instances of resistant fungal infection are rising in pulmonary disease, with limited therapeutic options. Therapeutic drug monitoring of azole antifungals has been necessary to ensure safety and efficacy but is considered unnecessary for the newest triazole isavuconazole. Aims: To characterise the prevalence of isavuconazole resistance and use in a tertiary respiratory centre. Methods: A retrospective observational analysis (2016–2021) of adult respiratory patients analysing fungal culture, therapeutic drug monitoring, and outcome post-isavuconazole therapy. Results: During the study period, isavuconazole susceptibility testing was performed on 26 Aspergillus spp. isolates. A total of 80.8% of A. fumigatus isolates had isavuconazole (MIC > 1 mg/L, and 73.0% > 2 mg/L) with a good correlation to voriconazole MIC (r = 0.7, p = 0.0002). A total of 54 patients underwent isavuconazole therapy during the study period (median duration 234 days (IQR: 24–499)). A total of 67% of patients tolerated isavuconazole, despite prior azole toxicity in 61.8%, with increased age (r(pb) = 0.31; p = 0.021) and male sex (φ(c) = 0.30; p = 0.027) being associated with toxicity. A total of 132 isavuconazole levels were performed with 94.8% > 1 mg/L and 72% > 2 mg/L. Dose change from manufacturer’s recommendation was, however, required in 9.3% to achieve a concentration of >2 mg/L. Conclusion: We describe the use of isavuconazole as a salvage therapy in a chronic pulmonary fungal disease setting with a high prevalence of azole resistance. Therapeutic concentrations at standard dosing were high; however, results reinforce antifungal stewardship for optimization. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9029347 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90293472022-04-23 Experience of Isavuconazole as a Salvage Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Fungal Disease Nwankwo, Lisa Gilmartin, Desmond Matharu, Sheila Nuh, Ali Donovan, Jackie Armstrong-James, Darius Shah, Anand J Fungi (Basel) Article Background: Instances of resistant fungal infection are rising in pulmonary disease, with limited therapeutic options. Therapeutic drug monitoring of azole antifungals has been necessary to ensure safety and efficacy but is considered unnecessary for the newest triazole isavuconazole. Aims: To characterise the prevalence of isavuconazole resistance and use in a tertiary respiratory centre. Methods: A retrospective observational analysis (2016–2021) of adult respiratory patients analysing fungal culture, therapeutic drug monitoring, and outcome post-isavuconazole therapy. Results: During the study period, isavuconazole susceptibility testing was performed on 26 Aspergillus spp. isolates. A total of 80.8% of A. fumigatus isolates had isavuconazole (MIC > 1 mg/L, and 73.0% > 2 mg/L) with a good correlation to voriconazole MIC (r = 0.7, p = 0.0002). A total of 54 patients underwent isavuconazole therapy during the study period (median duration 234 days (IQR: 24–499)). A total of 67% of patients tolerated isavuconazole, despite prior azole toxicity in 61.8%, with increased age (r(pb) = 0.31; p = 0.021) and male sex (φ(c) = 0.30; p = 0.027) being associated with toxicity. A total of 132 isavuconazole levels were performed with 94.8% > 1 mg/L and 72% > 2 mg/L. Dose change from manufacturer’s recommendation was, however, required in 9.3% to achieve a concentration of >2 mg/L. Conclusion: We describe the use of isavuconazole as a salvage therapy in a chronic pulmonary fungal disease setting with a high prevalence of azole resistance. Therapeutic concentrations at standard dosing were high; however, results reinforce antifungal stewardship for optimization. MDPI 2022-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9029347/ /pubmed/35448593 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8040362 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nwankwo, Lisa Gilmartin, Desmond Matharu, Sheila Nuh, Ali Donovan, Jackie Armstrong-James, Darius Shah, Anand Experience of Isavuconazole as a Salvage Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Fungal Disease |
title | Experience of Isavuconazole as a Salvage Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Fungal Disease |
title_full | Experience of Isavuconazole as a Salvage Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Fungal Disease |
title_fullStr | Experience of Isavuconazole as a Salvage Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Fungal Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Experience of Isavuconazole as a Salvage Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Fungal Disease |
title_short | Experience of Isavuconazole as a Salvage Therapy in Chronic Pulmonary Fungal Disease |
title_sort | experience of isavuconazole as a salvage therapy in chronic pulmonary fungal disease |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9029347/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35448593 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8040362 |
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