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Hyaluronic Acid: Known for Almost a Century, but Still in Vogue

Hyaluronic acid (HA) has a special position among glycosaminoglycans. As a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This simple, unbranched polysaccharide is involved in the regulation of various biological cell processes, whether under physiological conditions or in cases of cell damage....

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Autores principales: Lierova, Anna, Kasparova, Jitka, Filipova, Alzbeta, Cizkova, Jana, Pekarova, Lenka, Korecka, Lucie, Mannova, Nikola, Bilkova, Zuzana, Sinkorova, Zuzana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9029726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456670
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14040838
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author Lierova, Anna
Kasparova, Jitka
Filipova, Alzbeta
Cizkova, Jana
Pekarova, Lenka
Korecka, Lucie
Mannova, Nikola
Bilkova, Zuzana
Sinkorova, Zuzana
author_facet Lierova, Anna
Kasparova, Jitka
Filipova, Alzbeta
Cizkova, Jana
Pekarova, Lenka
Korecka, Lucie
Mannova, Nikola
Bilkova, Zuzana
Sinkorova, Zuzana
author_sort Lierova, Anna
collection PubMed
description Hyaluronic acid (HA) has a special position among glycosaminoglycans. As a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This simple, unbranched polysaccharide is involved in the regulation of various biological cell processes, whether under physiological conditions or in cases of cell damage. This review summarizes the history of this molecule’s study, its distinctive metabolic pathway in the body, its unique properties, and current information regarding its interaction partners. Our main goal, however, is to intensively investigate whether this relatively simple polymer may find applications in protecting against ionizing radiation (IR) or for therapy in cases of radiation-induced damage. After exposure to IR, acute and belated damage develops in each tissue depending upon the dose received and the cellular composition of a given organ. A common feature of all organ damage is a distinct change in composition and structure of the ECM. In particular, the important role of HA was shown in lung tissue and the variability of this flexible molecule in the complex mechanism of radiation-induced lung injuries. Moreover, HA is also involved in intermediating cell behavior during morphogenesis and in tissue repair during inflammation, injury, and would healing. The possibility of using the HA polymer to affect or treat radiation tissue damage may point to the missing gaps in the responsible mechanisms in the onset of this disease. Therefore, in this article, we will also focus on obtaining answers from current knowledge and the results of studies as to whether hyaluronic acid can also find application in radiation science.
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spelling pubmed-90297262022-04-23 Hyaluronic Acid: Known for Almost a Century, but Still in Vogue Lierova, Anna Kasparova, Jitka Filipova, Alzbeta Cizkova, Jana Pekarova, Lenka Korecka, Lucie Mannova, Nikola Bilkova, Zuzana Sinkorova, Zuzana Pharmaceutics Review Hyaluronic acid (HA) has a special position among glycosaminoglycans. As a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This simple, unbranched polysaccharide is involved in the regulation of various biological cell processes, whether under physiological conditions or in cases of cell damage. This review summarizes the history of this molecule’s study, its distinctive metabolic pathway in the body, its unique properties, and current information regarding its interaction partners. Our main goal, however, is to intensively investigate whether this relatively simple polymer may find applications in protecting against ionizing radiation (IR) or for therapy in cases of radiation-induced damage. After exposure to IR, acute and belated damage develops in each tissue depending upon the dose received and the cellular composition of a given organ. A common feature of all organ damage is a distinct change in composition and structure of the ECM. In particular, the important role of HA was shown in lung tissue and the variability of this flexible molecule in the complex mechanism of radiation-induced lung injuries. Moreover, HA is also involved in intermediating cell behavior during morphogenesis and in tissue repair during inflammation, injury, and would healing. The possibility of using the HA polymer to affect or treat radiation tissue damage may point to the missing gaps in the responsible mechanisms in the onset of this disease. Therefore, in this article, we will also focus on obtaining answers from current knowledge and the results of studies as to whether hyaluronic acid can also find application in radiation science. MDPI 2022-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9029726/ /pubmed/35456670 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14040838 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Lierova, Anna
Kasparova, Jitka
Filipova, Alzbeta
Cizkova, Jana
Pekarova, Lenka
Korecka, Lucie
Mannova, Nikola
Bilkova, Zuzana
Sinkorova, Zuzana
Hyaluronic Acid: Known for Almost a Century, but Still in Vogue
title Hyaluronic Acid: Known for Almost a Century, but Still in Vogue
title_full Hyaluronic Acid: Known for Almost a Century, but Still in Vogue
title_fullStr Hyaluronic Acid: Known for Almost a Century, but Still in Vogue
title_full_unstemmed Hyaluronic Acid: Known for Almost a Century, but Still in Vogue
title_short Hyaluronic Acid: Known for Almost a Century, but Still in Vogue
title_sort hyaluronic acid: known for almost a century, but still in vogue
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9029726/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456670
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14040838
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