Cargando…

The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms

Spitz neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of melanocytic proliferations with a great variability in the histological characteristics and in the biological behavior. Thanks to recent discoveries, the morpho-molecular landscape of Spitz lineage is becoming clearer, with the identification of subtypes...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto, Cappellesso, Rocco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9030540/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35457030
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084211
_version_ 1784692166061195264
author Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto
Cappellesso, Rocco
author_facet Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto
Cappellesso, Rocco
author_sort Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto
collection PubMed
description Spitz neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of melanocytic proliferations with a great variability in the histological characteristics and in the biological behavior. Thanks to recent discoveries, the morpho-molecular landscape of Spitz lineage is becoming clearer, with the identification of subtypes with recurrent features thus providing the basis for a more solid and precise tumor classification. Indeed, specific mutually exclusive driver molecular events, namely HRAS or MAP2K1 mutations, copy number gains of 11p, and fusions involving ALK, ROS, NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, MET, RET, MAP3K8, and BRAF genes, correlate with distinctive histological features. The accumulation of further molecular aberrations, instead, promotes the increasing malignant transformation of Spitz neoplasms. Thus, the detection of a driver genetic alteration can be achieved using the appropriate diagnostic tests chosen according to the histological characteristics of the lesion. This allows the recognition of subtypes with aggressive behavior requiring further molecular investigations. This review provides an update on the morpho-molecular correlations in Spitz neoplasms.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9030540
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-90305402022-04-23 The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto Cappellesso, Rocco Int J Mol Sci Review Spitz neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of melanocytic proliferations with a great variability in the histological characteristics and in the biological behavior. Thanks to recent discoveries, the morpho-molecular landscape of Spitz lineage is becoming clearer, with the identification of subtypes with recurrent features thus providing the basis for a more solid and precise tumor classification. Indeed, specific mutually exclusive driver molecular events, namely HRAS or MAP2K1 mutations, copy number gains of 11p, and fusions involving ALK, ROS, NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, MET, RET, MAP3K8, and BRAF genes, correlate with distinctive histological features. The accumulation of further molecular aberrations, instead, promotes the increasing malignant transformation of Spitz neoplasms. Thus, the detection of a driver genetic alteration can be achieved using the appropriate diagnostic tests chosen according to the histological characteristics of the lesion. This allows the recognition of subtypes with aggressive behavior requiring further molecular investigations. This review provides an update on the morpho-molecular correlations in Spitz neoplasms. MDPI 2022-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9030540/ /pubmed/35457030 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084211 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto
Cappellesso, Rocco
The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms
title The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms
title_full The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms
title_fullStr The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms
title_full_unstemmed The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms
title_short The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms
title_sort morpho-molecular landscape of spitz neoplasms
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9030540/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35457030
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084211
work_keys_str_mv AT dalpozzocarloalberto themorphomolecularlandscapeofspitzneoplasms
AT cappellessorocco themorphomolecularlandscapeofspitzneoplasms
AT dalpozzocarloalberto morphomolecularlandscapeofspitzneoplasms
AT cappellessorocco morphomolecularlandscapeofspitzneoplasms