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The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms
Spitz neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of melanocytic proliferations with a great variability in the histological characteristics and in the biological behavior. Thanks to recent discoveries, the morpho-molecular landscape of Spitz lineage is becoming clearer, with the identification of subtypes...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9030540/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35457030 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084211 |
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author | Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto Cappellesso, Rocco |
author_facet | Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto Cappellesso, Rocco |
author_sort | Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto |
collection | PubMed |
description | Spitz neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of melanocytic proliferations with a great variability in the histological characteristics and in the biological behavior. Thanks to recent discoveries, the morpho-molecular landscape of Spitz lineage is becoming clearer, with the identification of subtypes with recurrent features thus providing the basis for a more solid and precise tumor classification. Indeed, specific mutually exclusive driver molecular events, namely HRAS or MAP2K1 mutations, copy number gains of 11p, and fusions involving ALK, ROS, NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, MET, RET, MAP3K8, and BRAF genes, correlate with distinctive histological features. The accumulation of further molecular aberrations, instead, promotes the increasing malignant transformation of Spitz neoplasms. Thus, the detection of a driver genetic alteration can be achieved using the appropriate diagnostic tests chosen according to the histological characteristics of the lesion. This allows the recognition of subtypes with aggressive behavior requiring further molecular investigations. This review provides an update on the morpho-molecular correlations in Spitz neoplasms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9030540 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90305402022-04-23 The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto Cappellesso, Rocco Int J Mol Sci Review Spitz neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of melanocytic proliferations with a great variability in the histological characteristics and in the biological behavior. Thanks to recent discoveries, the morpho-molecular landscape of Spitz lineage is becoming clearer, with the identification of subtypes with recurrent features thus providing the basis for a more solid and precise tumor classification. Indeed, specific mutually exclusive driver molecular events, namely HRAS or MAP2K1 mutations, copy number gains of 11p, and fusions involving ALK, ROS, NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, MET, RET, MAP3K8, and BRAF genes, correlate with distinctive histological features. The accumulation of further molecular aberrations, instead, promotes the increasing malignant transformation of Spitz neoplasms. Thus, the detection of a driver genetic alteration can be achieved using the appropriate diagnostic tests chosen according to the histological characteristics of the lesion. This allows the recognition of subtypes with aggressive behavior requiring further molecular investigations. This review provides an update on the morpho-molecular correlations in Spitz neoplasms. MDPI 2022-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9030540/ /pubmed/35457030 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084211 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Dal Pozzo, Carlo Alberto Cappellesso, Rocco The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms |
title | The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms |
title_full | The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms |
title_fullStr | The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms |
title_full_unstemmed | The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms |
title_short | The Morpho-Molecular Landscape of Spitz Neoplasms |
title_sort | morpho-molecular landscape of spitz neoplasms |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9030540/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35457030 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084211 |
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