Quality-of-Life Evaluation among the Oldest-Old in China under the “Active Aging Framework”

China is facing an increasingly contradictory challenge between growing demand for health services for the oldest-old and the unbalanced and inadequate development in the context of rapid population aging. This study sought to evaluate the quality of life of the oldest-old in China under the active aging framework. Health, participation, and security data were sourced from China Statistics/Labor Statistics/Civil Affairs Yearbook 2000–2016 and National 1% Sample Survey Data 2005–2015. Then, we used the current life table, entropy method, coefficient variation, and panel data regression to evaluate the quality of life among the oldest-old and reveal its regional differences and mechanisms. The results show: (1) From 2005 to 2015, the overall quality of life in China steadily improved, and the quality of health, participation, and security of the oldest-old increased by 6.06%, 5.64%, and 47.48%, respectively. (2) Distinct regional disparities exist in the distribution of quality of life for the oldest-old in China; the “east–northeast–middle–west” stepped-declining pattern existed stably. (3) Population and family structure, economic development, and social security were the main reasons for the regional differences in quality of life for the oldest-old. Narrowing the socioeconomic gap between regions, promoting the function of family pension, and improving social old-age service supply will help improve the quality of life of the oldest-old.