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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Vanillin Protects the Stomach against Ulcer Formation

Gastric ulcer is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal disorders, and there is an increasing search for natural products that can heal ulcers and avoid their recurrence. We aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of vanillin, including the investigation of anti-inflammatory activity and...

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Autores principales: Ciciliato, Murilo Piologo, de Souza, Matheus Chiaradia, Tarran, Carolina Mendes, de Castilho, Ana Laura Tironi, Vieira, Ana Júlia, Rozza, Ariane Leite
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9031284/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456589
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14040755
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author Ciciliato, Murilo Piologo
de Souza, Matheus Chiaradia
Tarran, Carolina Mendes
de Castilho, Ana Laura Tironi
Vieira, Ana Júlia
Rozza, Ariane Leite
author_facet Ciciliato, Murilo Piologo
de Souza, Matheus Chiaradia
Tarran, Carolina Mendes
de Castilho, Ana Laura Tironi
Vieira, Ana Júlia
Rozza, Ariane Leite
author_sort Ciciliato, Murilo Piologo
collection PubMed
description Gastric ulcer is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal disorders, and there is an increasing search for natural products that can heal ulcers and avoid their recurrence. We aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of vanillin, including the investigation of anti-inflammatory activity and the modulation of gene expression. Wistar rats were orally treated with vehicle, carbenoxolone, or vanillin (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg) and orally received absolute ethanol to develop gastric ulcers. We analyzed the ulcer area, conducted histological analysis, and measured the levels of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 by ELISA. We analyzed mRNA expression for NF-κB, TNF-α, and Il-10. We measured NOx levels using the Griess reaction. Our results showed similar gastroprotection for the three doses. Vanillin increased mucus production and preserved gastric mucosa integrity. The gastroprotective effect was linked to anti-inflammatory activity as a result of decreasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ and increasing IL-10 levels. Vanillin downregulated the mRNA expression of NF-κB and TNF-α, upregulated the mRNA expression of Il-10, and increased NOx levels in the stomach. The gastroprotective activity of vanillin is related to the maintenance of gastric mucus and the local inflammatory response modulation.
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spelling pubmed-90312842022-04-23 Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Vanillin Protects the Stomach against Ulcer Formation Ciciliato, Murilo Piologo de Souza, Matheus Chiaradia Tarran, Carolina Mendes de Castilho, Ana Laura Tironi Vieira, Ana Júlia Rozza, Ariane Leite Pharmaceutics Article Gastric ulcer is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal disorders, and there is an increasing search for natural products that can heal ulcers and avoid their recurrence. We aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of vanillin, including the investigation of anti-inflammatory activity and the modulation of gene expression. Wistar rats were orally treated with vehicle, carbenoxolone, or vanillin (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg) and orally received absolute ethanol to develop gastric ulcers. We analyzed the ulcer area, conducted histological analysis, and measured the levels of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 by ELISA. We analyzed mRNA expression for NF-κB, TNF-α, and Il-10. We measured NOx levels using the Griess reaction. Our results showed similar gastroprotection for the three doses. Vanillin increased mucus production and preserved gastric mucosa integrity. The gastroprotective effect was linked to anti-inflammatory activity as a result of decreasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ and increasing IL-10 levels. Vanillin downregulated the mRNA expression of NF-κB and TNF-α, upregulated the mRNA expression of Il-10, and increased NOx levels in the stomach. The gastroprotective activity of vanillin is related to the maintenance of gastric mucus and the local inflammatory response modulation. MDPI 2022-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9031284/ /pubmed/35456589 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14040755 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ciciliato, Murilo Piologo
de Souza, Matheus Chiaradia
Tarran, Carolina Mendes
de Castilho, Ana Laura Tironi
Vieira, Ana Júlia
Rozza, Ariane Leite
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Vanillin Protects the Stomach against Ulcer Formation
title Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Vanillin Protects the Stomach against Ulcer Formation
title_full Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Vanillin Protects the Stomach against Ulcer Formation
title_fullStr Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Vanillin Protects the Stomach against Ulcer Formation
title_full_unstemmed Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Vanillin Protects the Stomach against Ulcer Formation
title_short Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Vanillin Protects the Stomach against Ulcer Formation
title_sort anti-inflammatory effect of vanillin protects the stomach against ulcer formation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9031284/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456589
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14040755
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