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The Association between Rapid Weight Loss and Body Composition in Elite Combat Sports Athletes

Rapid Weight Loss (RWL) is a rapid reduction in weight over a short period of time seeking to attain the norm required for a competition in a particular weight category. RWL has a negative health impact on athletes including the significant muscle damage induced by RWL. This study aimed to identify...

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Autores principales: Baranauskas, Marius, Kupčiūnaitė, Ingrida, Stukas, Rimantas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9031560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35455842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040665
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author Baranauskas, Marius
Kupčiūnaitė, Ingrida
Stukas, Rimantas
author_facet Baranauskas, Marius
Kupčiūnaitė, Ingrida
Stukas, Rimantas
author_sort Baranauskas, Marius
collection PubMed
description Rapid Weight Loss (RWL) is a rapid reduction in weight over a short period of time seeking to attain the norm required for a competition in a particular weight category. RWL has a negative health impact on athletes including the significant muscle damage induced by RWL. This study aimed to identify the association between RWL and body composition among competitive combat athletes (n = 43) in Lithuania. Our focus was laid on the disclosure of their RWL practice by using a previously standardized RWL Questionnaire. The body composition of the athletes was measured by means of the standing-posture 8-12-electrode multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and the electrical signals of 5, 50, 250, 550 and 1000 kHz. This non-experimental cross-sectional study resulted in preliminary findings on the prevalence and profile of RWL among combat athletes in Lithuania. 88% of the athletes surveyed in our study had lost weight in order to compete, with the average weight loss of 4.6 ± 2% of the habitual body mass. The athletes started to resort to weight cycling as early as 9 years old, with a mean age of 12.8 ± 2.1 years. The combination of practiced weight loss techniques such as skipping meals (adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) 6.3; 95% CI: 1.3–31.8), restricting fluids (AOR 5.5; 95% CI: 1.0–31.8), increased exercise (AOR 3.6; 95% CI: 1.0–12.5), training with rubber/plastic suits (AOR 3.2; 95% CI: 0.9–11.3) predicted the risk of RWL aggressiveness. RWL magnitude potentially played an important role in maintaining the loss of muscle mass in athletes during the preparatory training phase (β –0.01 kg, p < 0.001). Therefore, an adequate regulatory programme should be integrated into the training plans of high-performance combat sports athletes to keep not only the athletes but also their coaches responsible for a proper weight control.
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spelling pubmed-90315602022-04-23 The Association between Rapid Weight Loss and Body Composition in Elite Combat Sports Athletes Baranauskas, Marius Kupčiūnaitė, Ingrida Stukas, Rimantas Healthcare (Basel) Article Rapid Weight Loss (RWL) is a rapid reduction in weight over a short period of time seeking to attain the norm required for a competition in a particular weight category. RWL has a negative health impact on athletes including the significant muscle damage induced by RWL. This study aimed to identify the association between RWL and body composition among competitive combat athletes (n = 43) in Lithuania. Our focus was laid on the disclosure of their RWL practice by using a previously standardized RWL Questionnaire. The body composition of the athletes was measured by means of the standing-posture 8-12-electrode multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and the electrical signals of 5, 50, 250, 550 and 1000 kHz. This non-experimental cross-sectional study resulted in preliminary findings on the prevalence and profile of RWL among combat athletes in Lithuania. 88% of the athletes surveyed in our study had lost weight in order to compete, with the average weight loss of 4.6 ± 2% of the habitual body mass. The athletes started to resort to weight cycling as early as 9 years old, with a mean age of 12.8 ± 2.1 years. The combination of practiced weight loss techniques such as skipping meals (adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) 6.3; 95% CI: 1.3–31.8), restricting fluids (AOR 5.5; 95% CI: 1.0–31.8), increased exercise (AOR 3.6; 95% CI: 1.0–12.5), training with rubber/plastic suits (AOR 3.2; 95% CI: 0.9–11.3) predicted the risk of RWL aggressiveness. RWL magnitude potentially played an important role in maintaining the loss of muscle mass in athletes during the preparatory training phase (β –0.01 kg, p < 0.001). Therefore, an adequate regulatory programme should be integrated into the training plans of high-performance combat sports athletes to keep not only the athletes but also their coaches responsible for a proper weight control. MDPI 2022-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9031560/ /pubmed/35455842 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040665 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Baranauskas, Marius
Kupčiūnaitė, Ingrida
Stukas, Rimantas
The Association between Rapid Weight Loss and Body Composition in Elite Combat Sports Athletes
title The Association between Rapid Weight Loss and Body Composition in Elite Combat Sports Athletes
title_full The Association between Rapid Weight Loss and Body Composition in Elite Combat Sports Athletes
title_fullStr The Association between Rapid Weight Loss and Body Composition in Elite Combat Sports Athletes
title_full_unstemmed The Association between Rapid Weight Loss and Body Composition in Elite Combat Sports Athletes
title_short The Association between Rapid Weight Loss and Body Composition in Elite Combat Sports Athletes
title_sort association between rapid weight loss and body composition in elite combat sports athletes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9031560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35455842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040665
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