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Determinants of Antibody Response to a Third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Results from the Prospective Cohort Study COVAC-Tx

Background: We studied factors related to humoral response in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients following a three-dose regimen of an mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Method: This was a prospective study of SOT recipients who received a third homologous dose of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) vacc...

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Autores principales: Balsby, Daniel, Nilsson, Anna Christine, Möller, Sören, Lindvig, Susan Olaf, Davidsen, Jesper Rømhild, Abazi, Rozeta, Poulsen, Mikael Kjær, Holden, Inge Kristine, Justesen, Ulrik Stenz, Bistrup, Claus, Johansen, Isik Somuncu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9031786/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35455314
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10040565
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author Balsby, Daniel
Nilsson, Anna Christine
Möller, Sören
Lindvig, Susan Olaf
Davidsen, Jesper Rømhild
Abazi, Rozeta
Poulsen, Mikael Kjær
Holden, Inge Kristine
Justesen, Ulrik Stenz
Bistrup, Claus
Johansen, Isik Somuncu
author_facet Balsby, Daniel
Nilsson, Anna Christine
Möller, Sören
Lindvig, Susan Olaf
Davidsen, Jesper Rømhild
Abazi, Rozeta
Poulsen, Mikael Kjær
Holden, Inge Kristine
Justesen, Ulrik Stenz
Bistrup, Claus
Johansen, Isik Somuncu
author_sort Balsby, Daniel
collection PubMed
description Background: We studied factors related to humoral response in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients following a three-dose regimen of an mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Method: This was a prospective study of SOT recipients who received a third homologous dose of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) vaccine. The anti-spike S1 IgG response was measured using the SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay (Abbott Laboratories) with a cut-off of 7.1 BAU/mL. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with humoral response. Results: In total, 395 SOT recipients were included. Anti-spike IgG was detected in 195/395 (49.4%) patients after the second dose and 261/335 (77.9%) patients after the third dose. The overall mean increase in antibody concentration after the third dose was 831.0 BAU/mL (95% confidence interval (CI) 687.4–974.5) and 159 (47.5%) participants had at least a 10-fold increase in antibody concentration after the third dose. The increase in antibody concentration was significantly higher among patients with detectable antibodies after the second dose than those without. Cumulative time from transplantation and liver recipients was positively associated with an antibody response, whereas older age, administration of prednisolone, and proliferation inhibitors were associated with diminished antibody response. Conclusion: Although the third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine improved humoral responses among SOT non-responders following the second dose, the overall response remained low, and 22.1% did not develop any response. Patients at risk of a diminished vaccine response require repeated booster doses and alternative treatment approaches.
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spelling pubmed-90317862022-04-23 Determinants of Antibody Response to a Third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Results from the Prospective Cohort Study COVAC-Tx Balsby, Daniel Nilsson, Anna Christine Möller, Sören Lindvig, Susan Olaf Davidsen, Jesper Rømhild Abazi, Rozeta Poulsen, Mikael Kjær Holden, Inge Kristine Justesen, Ulrik Stenz Bistrup, Claus Johansen, Isik Somuncu Vaccines (Basel) Brief Report Background: We studied factors related to humoral response in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients following a three-dose regimen of an mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Method: This was a prospective study of SOT recipients who received a third homologous dose of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) vaccine. The anti-spike S1 IgG response was measured using the SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay (Abbott Laboratories) with a cut-off of 7.1 BAU/mL. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with humoral response. Results: In total, 395 SOT recipients were included. Anti-spike IgG was detected in 195/395 (49.4%) patients after the second dose and 261/335 (77.9%) patients after the third dose. The overall mean increase in antibody concentration after the third dose was 831.0 BAU/mL (95% confidence interval (CI) 687.4–974.5) and 159 (47.5%) participants had at least a 10-fold increase in antibody concentration after the third dose. The increase in antibody concentration was significantly higher among patients with detectable antibodies after the second dose than those without. Cumulative time from transplantation and liver recipients was positively associated with an antibody response, whereas older age, administration of prednisolone, and proliferation inhibitors were associated with diminished antibody response. Conclusion: Although the third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine improved humoral responses among SOT non-responders following the second dose, the overall response remained low, and 22.1% did not develop any response. Patients at risk of a diminished vaccine response require repeated booster doses and alternative treatment approaches. MDPI 2022-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9031786/ /pubmed/35455314 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10040565 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Brief Report
Balsby, Daniel
Nilsson, Anna Christine
Möller, Sören
Lindvig, Susan Olaf
Davidsen, Jesper Rømhild
Abazi, Rozeta
Poulsen, Mikael Kjær
Holden, Inge Kristine
Justesen, Ulrik Stenz
Bistrup, Claus
Johansen, Isik Somuncu
Determinants of Antibody Response to a Third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Results from the Prospective Cohort Study COVAC-Tx
title Determinants of Antibody Response to a Third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Results from the Prospective Cohort Study COVAC-Tx
title_full Determinants of Antibody Response to a Third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Results from the Prospective Cohort Study COVAC-Tx
title_fullStr Determinants of Antibody Response to a Third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Results from the Prospective Cohort Study COVAC-Tx
title_full_unstemmed Determinants of Antibody Response to a Third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Results from the Prospective Cohort Study COVAC-Tx
title_short Determinants of Antibody Response to a Third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Results from the Prospective Cohort Study COVAC-Tx
title_sort determinants of antibody response to a third sars-cov-2 mrna vaccine dose in solid organ transplant recipients: results from the prospective cohort study covac-tx
topic Brief Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9031786/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35455314
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10040565
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