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Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Prevention in Type 2: Diabetes in a Real-World Practice Database

Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a 40% excess risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) compared to men due to the interaction between sex and gender factors in the development, risk, and outcomes of the disease. Our aim was to assess differences between women and men with T2DM in the man...

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Autores principales: Ramírez-Morros, Anna, Franch-Nadal, Josep, Real, Jordi, Gratacòs, Mònica, Mauricio, Didac
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9032335/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456292
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082196
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author Ramírez-Morros, Anna
Franch-Nadal, Josep
Real, Jordi
Gratacòs, Mònica
Mauricio, Didac
author_facet Ramírez-Morros, Anna
Franch-Nadal, Josep
Real, Jordi
Gratacòs, Mònica
Mauricio, Didac
author_sort Ramírez-Morros, Anna
collection PubMed
description Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a 40% excess risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) compared to men due to the interaction between sex and gender factors in the development, risk, and outcomes of the disease. Our aim was to assess differences between women and men with T2DM in the management and degree of control of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). This was a matched cross-sectional study including 140,906 T2DM subjects without previous CVD and 39,186 T2DM subjects with prior CVD obtained from the System for the Development of Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) database. The absolute and relative differences between means or proportions were calculated to assess sex differences. T2DM women without previous CVD showed higher levels of total cholesterol (12.13 mg/dL (0.31 mmol/L); 95% CI = 11.9–12.4) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c; 5.50 mg/dL (0.14 mmol/L); 95% CI = 5.3–5.7) than men. The recommended LDL-c target was less frequently achieved by women as it was the simultaneous control of different CVRF. In secondary prevention, women showed higher levels of total cholesterol (16.89 mg/dL (0.44 mmol/L); 95% CI = 16.5–17.3), higher levels of LDL-c (8.42 mg/dL (0.22 mmol/L); 95% CI = 8.1–8.8), and higher levels of triglycerides (11.34 mg/dL (0.13 mmol/L); 95% CI = 10.3–12.4) despite similar rates of statin prescription. Recommended targets were less often achieved by women, especially LDL-c < 100 mg/dL (2.59 mmol/L). The composite control was 22% less frequent in women than men. In conclusion, there were substantial sex differences in CVRF management of people with diabetes, with women less likely than men to be on LDL-c target, mainly those in secondary prevention. This could be related to the treatment gap between genders.
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spelling pubmed-90323352022-04-23 Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Prevention in Type 2: Diabetes in a Real-World Practice Database Ramírez-Morros, Anna Franch-Nadal, Josep Real, Jordi Gratacòs, Mònica Mauricio, Didac J Clin Med Article Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a 40% excess risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) compared to men due to the interaction between sex and gender factors in the development, risk, and outcomes of the disease. Our aim was to assess differences between women and men with T2DM in the management and degree of control of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). This was a matched cross-sectional study including 140,906 T2DM subjects without previous CVD and 39,186 T2DM subjects with prior CVD obtained from the System for the Development of Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP) database. The absolute and relative differences between means or proportions were calculated to assess sex differences. T2DM women without previous CVD showed higher levels of total cholesterol (12.13 mg/dL (0.31 mmol/L); 95% CI = 11.9–12.4) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c; 5.50 mg/dL (0.14 mmol/L); 95% CI = 5.3–5.7) than men. The recommended LDL-c target was less frequently achieved by women as it was the simultaneous control of different CVRF. In secondary prevention, women showed higher levels of total cholesterol (16.89 mg/dL (0.44 mmol/L); 95% CI = 16.5–17.3), higher levels of LDL-c (8.42 mg/dL (0.22 mmol/L); 95% CI = 8.1–8.8), and higher levels of triglycerides (11.34 mg/dL (0.13 mmol/L); 95% CI = 10.3–12.4) despite similar rates of statin prescription. Recommended targets were less often achieved by women, especially LDL-c < 100 mg/dL (2.59 mmol/L). The composite control was 22% less frequent in women than men. In conclusion, there were substantial sex differences in CVRF management of people with diabetes, with women less likely than men to be on LDL-c target, mainly those in secondary prevention. This could be related to the treatment gap between genders. MDPI 2022-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9032335/ /pubmed/35456292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082196 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ramírez-Morros, Anna
Franch-Nadal, Josep
Real, Jordi
Gratacòs, Mònica
Mauricio, Didac
Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Prevention in Type 2: Diabetes in a Real-World Practice Database
title Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Prevention in Type 2: Diabetes in a Real-World Practice Database
title_full Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Prevention in Type 2: Diabetes in a Real-World Practice Database
title_fullStr Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Prevention in Type 2: Diabetes in a Real-World Practice Database
title_full_unstemmed Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Prevention in Type 2: Diabetes in a Real-World Practice Database
title_short Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Prevention in Type 2: Diabetes in a Real-World Practice Database
title_sort sex differences in cardiovascular prevention in type 2: diabetes in a real-world practice database
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9032335/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456292
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082196
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