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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Causative Agents to Ocular Infections

Bacterial ocular infections are a worldwide health problem and, if untreated, can damage the structure of the eye and contribute to permanent disability. Knowledge of the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the main causative agents involved in ocular infections is necessary for...

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Autores principales: Manente, Roberta, Santella, Biagio, Pagliano, Pasquale, Santoro, Emanuela, Casolaro, Vincenzo, Borrelli, Anna, Capunzo, Mario, Galdiero, Massimiliano, Franci, Gianluigi, Boccia, Giovanni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9032492/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35453215
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11040463
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author Manente, Roberta
Santella, Biagio
Pagliano, Pasquale
Santoro, Emanuela
Casolaro, Vincenzo
Borrelli, Anna
Capunzo, Mario
Galdiero, Massimiliano
Franci, Gianluigi
Boccia, Giovanni
author_facet Manente, Roberta
Santella, Biagio
Pagliano, Pasquale
Santoro, Emanuela
Casolaro, Vincenzo
Borrelli, Anna
Capunzo, Mario
Galdiero, Massimiliano
Franci, Gianluigi
Boccia, Giovanni
author_sort Manente, Roberta
collection PubMed
description Bacterial ocular infections are a worldwide health problem and, if untreated, can damage the structure of the eye and contribute to permanent disability. Knowledge of the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the main causative agents involved in ocular infections is necessary for defining an optimal antibiotic therapy. The aim of this study was to analyse bacterial species involved in ocular infections and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Conjunctival swab samples were collected from patients with bacterial conjunctivitis at the University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona between January 2015 and December 2019. The identification and antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed using the VITEK 2 system. A total of 281 causative agents of ocular infections were isolated, 81.8% of which were Gram-positive bacteria. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were the most commonly isolated species among Gram-positive bacteria, followed by Staphylococcus aureus. In contrast, Pseudomonas spp. and Escherichia coli were the main species isolated among Gram-negative bacteria (18.2%). Overall, linezolid, teicoplanin, tigecycline and vancomycin were the most effective antimicrobials. Analysis of resistance rates over time highlighted increasing resistance for azithromycin, clarithromycin and erythromycin among CoNS, and clindamycin and erythromycin among Staphylococcus aureus. This study has identified the profiles of the major pathogens involved in ocular infection and their susceptibility patterns, which will help improve the treatments and the choice of antibiotics in ocular infections.
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spelling pubmed-90324922022-04-23 Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Causative Agents to Ocular Infections Manente, Roberta Santella, Biagio Pagliano, Pasquale Santoro, Emanuela Casolaro, Vincenzo Borrelli, Anna Capunzo, Mario Galdiero, Massimiliano Franci, Gianluigi Boccia, Giovanni Antibiotics (Basel) Article Bacterial ocular infections are a worldwide health problem and, if untreated, can damage the structure of the eye and contribute to permanent disability. Knowledge of the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the main causative agents involved in ocular infections is necessary for defining an optimal antibiotic therapy. The aim of this study was to analyse bacterial species involved in ocular infections and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Conjunctival swab samples were collected from patients with bacterial conjunctivitis at the University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona between January 2015 and December 2019. The identification and antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed using the VITEK 2 system. A total of 281 causative agents of ocular infections were isolated, 81.8% of which were Gram-positive bacteria. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were the most commonly isolated species among Gram-positive bacteria, followed by Staphylococcus aureus. In contrast, Pseudomonas spp. and Escherichia coli were the main species isolated among Gram-negative bacteria (18.2%). Overall, linezolid, teicoplanin, tigecycline and vancomycin were the most effective antimicrobials. Analysis of resistance rates over time highlighted increasing resistance for azithromycin, clarithromycin and erythromycin among CoNS, and clindamycin and erythromycin among Staphylococcus aureus. This study has identified the profiles of the major pathogens involved in ocular infection and their susceptibility patterns, which will help improve the treatments and the choice of antibiotics in ocular infections. MDPI 2022-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9032492/ /pubmed/35453215 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11040463 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Manente, Roberta
Santella, Biagio
Pagliano, Pasquale
Santoro, Emanuela
Casolaro, Vincenzo
Borrelli, Anna
Capunzo, Mario
Galdiero, Massimiliano
Franci, Gianluigi
Boccia, Giovanni
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Causative Agents to Ocular Infections
title Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Causative Agents to Ocular Infections
title_full Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Causative Agents to Ocular Infections
title_fullStr Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Causative Agents to Ocular Infections
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Causative Agents to Ocular Infections
title_short Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Causative Agents to Ocular Infections
title_sort prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of causative agents to ocular infections
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9032492/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35453215
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11040463
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