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Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus and Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Types in Skin Cancers: Optimal Detection Assays, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Vaccination

Oncogenic viruses are recognized to be involved in some cancers, based on very well-established criteria of carcinogenicity. For cervical cancer and liver cancer, the responsible viruses are well-known (e.g., HPV, HBV); in the case of skin cancer, there are still many studies which are trying to ide...

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Autores principales: Ursu, Ramona Gabriela, Damian, Costin, Porumb-Andrese, Elena, Ghetu, Nicolae, Cobzaru, Roxana Gabriela, Lunca, Catalina, Ripa, Carmen, Costin, Diana, Jelihovschi, Igor, Petrariu, Florin Dumitru, Iancu, Luminita Smaranda
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9032856/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456154
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11040479
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author Ursu, Ramona Gabriela
Damian, Costin
Porumb-Andrese, Elena
Ghetu, Nicolae
Cobzaru, Roxana Gabriela
Lunca, Catalina
Ripa, Carmen
Costin, Diana
Jelihovschi, Igor
Petrariu, Florin Dumitru
Iancu, Luminita Smaranda
author_facet Ursu, Ramona Gabriela
Damian, Costin
Porumb-Andrese, Elena
Ghetu, Nicolae
Cobzaru, Roxana Gabriela
Lunca, Catalina
Ripa, Carmen
Costin, Diana
Jelihovschi, Igor
Petrariu, Florin Dumitru
Iancu, Luminita Smaranda
author_sort Ursu, Ramona Gabriela
collection PubMed
description Oncogenic viruses are recognized to be involved in some cancers, based on very well-established criteria of carcinogenicity. For cervical cancer and liver cancer, the responsible viruses are well-known (e.g., HPV, HBV); in the case of skin cancer, there are still many studies which are trying to identify the possible viral etiologic agents as principal co-factors in the oncogenic process. We analysed scientific literature published in the last 5 years regarding mechanisms of carcinogenicity, methods of detection, available targeted therapy, and vaccination for Merkel cell polyomavirus, and beta human papillomavirus types, in relation to skin cancer. This review is targeted at presenting the recent findings which support the involvement of these viruses in the development of some types of skin cancers. In order to optimize the management of skin cancer, a health condition of very high importance, it would be ideal that the screening of skin cancer for these two analysed viruses (MCPyV and beta HPV types) to be implemented in each region’s/country’s cancer centres’ molecular detection diagnostic platforms, with multiplex viral capability, optimal sensitivity, and specificity; clinically validated, and if possible, at acceptable costs. For confirmatory diagnosis of skin cancer, another method should be used, with a different principle, such as immunohistochemistry, with specific antibodies for each virus.
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spelling pubmed-90328562022-04-23 Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus and Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Types in Skin Cancers: Optimal Detection Assays, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Vaccination Ursu, Ramona Gabriela Damian, Costin Porumb-Andrese, Elena Ghetu, Nicolae Cobzaru, Roxana Gabriela Lunca, Catalina Ripa, Carmen Costin, Diana Jelihovschi, Igor Petrariu, Florin Dumitru Iancu, Luminita Smaranda Pathogens Review Oncogenic viruses are recognized to be involved in some cancers, based on very well-established criteria of carcinogenicity. For cervical cancer and liver cancer, the responsible viruses are well-known (e.g., HPV, HBV); in the case of skin cancer, there are still many studies which are trying to identify the possible viral etiologic agents as principal co-factors in the oncogenic process. We analysed scientific literature published in the last 5 years regarding mechanisms of carcinogenicity, methods of detection, available targeted therapy, and vaccination for Merkel cell polyomavirus, and beta human papillomavirus types, in relation to skin cancer. This review is targeted at presenting the recent findings which support the involvement of these viruses in the development of some types of skin cancers. In order to optimize the management of skin cancer, a health condition of very high importance, it would be ideal that the screening of skin cancer for these two analysed viruses (MCPyV and beta HPV types) to be implemented in each region’s/country’s cancer centres’ molecular detection diagnostic platforms, with multiplex viral capability, optimal sensitivity, and specificity; clinically validated, and if possible, at acceptable costs. For confirmatory diagnosis of skin cancer, another method should be used, with a different principle, such as immunohistochemistry, with specific antibodies for each virus. MDPI 2022-04-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9032856/ /pubmed/35456154 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11040479 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ursu, Ramona Gabriela
Damian, Costin
Porumb-Andrese, Elena
Ghetu, Nicolae
Cobzaru, Roxana Gabriela
Lunca, Catalina
Ripa, Carmen
Costin, Diana
Jelihovschi, Igor
Petrariu, Florin Dumitru
Iancu, Luminita Smaranda
Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus and Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Types in Skin Cancers: Optimal Detection Assays, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Vaccination
title Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus and Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Types in Skin Cancers: Optimal Detection Assays, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Vaccination
title_full Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus and Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Types in Skin Cancers: Optimal Detection Assays, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Vaccination
title_fullStr Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus and Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Types in Skin Cancers: Optimal Detection Assays, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Vaccination
title_full_unstemmed Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus and Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Types in Skin Cancers: Optimal Detection Assays, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Vaccination
title_short Merkel Cell Polyoma Virus and Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Types in Skin Cancers: Optimal Detection Assays, Pathogenic Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Vaccination
title_sort merkel cell polyoma virus and cutaneous human papillomavirus types in skin cancers: optimal detection assays, pathogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic vaccination
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9032856/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35456154
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11040479
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